In the civilian sector, a veteran's rank doesn't matter. This applies to military friendly employers as well. Understand your environment, the personality of your co-workers and the culture of the organization before using certain language. var pup; In military law, what applies in certain situations might not apply in others, especially if the differences trace back to the military or civilian status of the person in question. There are a tremendous number of differences and similarities between military life and civilian life. 0000014311 00000 n The third difference between soldiers and civilians is a distinct set of laws that the former must follow. How are these problems avoided? $(window).load(function () { bodyScrollLock.disableBodyScroll(this); He wrote the book because military or not, most people know they should send an email. There is one aspect of employment that the military and civilian worlds can agree on guaranteeing employment is something that the military cannot afford to offer, nor can any employer in the civilian workforce. In contrast, those in the civilian sector must find their own dentist, medical practitioner and medical facility, pay for health insurance, and make co-pays. 0000003610 00000 n People only focus on themselves and don't spend time discussing the company's recent successes. The military, however, is at least taught to " put the good of the institution before the individual," Dwight Stirling, a reserve JAG officer and CEO of the Center for Law and Military Policy, wrote in The Conversation in December 2019. 0000000016 00000 n Although, a veteran job finder will do well to learn how to translate military skills to civilian terms to be prepared for his or her job search. This is a key difference between life in the military and the civilian world. Why should the military incorporate courses into its writing programs that are designed to assist military leaders (or future leaders) with expanding, editing, revising, and adapting existing essays to fit civilian academic publication conventions? height: 40px; The job and career titles differ in both worlds. These are all attributes that make Army veterans highly valuable to civilian companies. The Army takes care of that coverage. Many people dont know how to use them, even though theyve attended the Military Transition Assistance Program. Civilian Audiences Military Civilian Members of the military. c. Information overload and the complexity of the modern Army demand a more effective style and a new standard for writing. Why the sudden interest in my random post? In the 1970s, E. B. With the M17, soldiers get a full-sized handgun with a 4.7-inch . var ww = $(window).width(); What is an unambiguous word choice? In addition to dedication and self-awareness, effective leaders are known for their motivation. popupResize(pup, giw, gih, true); Never assume the reader understands the work you have done to this point -- even another veteran. } Thus, through context clues and a little bit of background reading, I came to understand that the concept of leadership in the military is similar enough to a civilians understanding of the concept, but that leadership is more visibly nuanced in the military than outside of it. Facebook While the military is very black and white the civilian sector has room for discussion in many of the benefits that have been examined. When youre ready to begin your career search, we can transform your resume to get you the civilian job you deserve. var ih = h; 2X;|0z2D4r)!Ap;[c dk rJib]c 9@&&nP c&C'y@MP:@{v!8Q3x @ ! "Share the details of your duties while in military service. endstream endobj 144 0 obj <>>> endobj 145 0 obj <> endobj 146 0 obj >/PageWidthList<0 576.0>>>>>>/Resources<>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Tabs/W/Thumb 130 0 R/TrimBox[0.0 0.0 576.0 756.0]/Type/Page>> endobj 147 0 obj <> endobj 148 0 obj <> endobj 149 0 obj <> endobj 150 0 obj <> endobj 151 0 obj <> endobj 152 0 obj <> endobj 153 0 obj <> endobj 154 0 obj [/ICCBased 174 0 R] endobj 155 0 obj <>stream var addthis_config = { "The court held, although with limits, that a bicyclist must adhere to traffic rules" Passive Voice - ex. } Military writing is supposed to be full of specialized jargon, so authors should not necessarily feel obligated to define every term they include in their work. Since you've left the military, you have already had some civilian experience, but maybe it's time for a change in your education or career path. 0000030497 00000 n Hello, fellow veterans. However, a veteran who has made the military transition to civilian life and conquered both worlds can easily distinguish the difference between military and civilian life, without mention of the terms war or freedom. There is housing that is provided on the base, based on the number of dependents that a soldier has. There is also a regulation on how a soldier must wear his uniform. what are the differences between military and civilian writing? Don't worry about punctuation and spelling. } if (isDgov2Slideshow) { The boots are to be brush shined. dgov2slideshowPopupDestroy({ Inside and outside the military,academic writing should stand out from other types of writing because it specifically refers to writing a research/argumentative essay. Everyone uses email. Fortunately for aspiring military leaders, there are editors! I've worked in both systems and the biggest differences arise from the fact that military medicine is primarily concerned with a younger population that is exposed to more traumatic injuries and infectious disease. Although military housing varies by rank, location, and family situation, most new members start their military careers on base, according to Todays Military. 0000004586 00000 n SlideshowInit(); ', "3. Each branch of the military carries its own set of values and principles, but overall, the military, as a unit, is built on a foundation of: The military ingrains and adopts a heavy framework of teamwork and mission first mindset on its members. Doing so might give the author a sense of clarity because the essays purpose is stated early on, and having it written out can keep the writer on task. } Incorporate what you learned into your message. data_use_flash: false, Military culture is drilled into soldiers from the day they arrive at basic training. If family members elect to get dental care, they can purchase the TRICARE Dental Program. As Chapnick and Stone contend, it is crucial that the military does not exclude itself from these discussions because for better or worse, this day and age celebrates the democratization of foreign and security policy, and the military needs to be able to have its voice heard.10. Active duty military members can get dental care at dental clinics on military installations. For example, in the book Academic Writing for Military Personnel, Adam Chapnick and Craig Stone note that Canadas 2005 International Policy Statement reflects many of the ideas in Andrew Cohens While Canada Slept: How We Lost Our Place in the World, the Canadian Defence and Foreign Affairs Institutes In the National Interest: Canadian Foreign Policy in an Insecure World, and Jennifer Welshs At Home in the World: Canadas Global Vision for the 21st Century.9 Even if government policy dialogue exists on a primarily civilian level, military personnel who can contribute their ideas and perspectives on an academic level vis--vis academic publications are able to integrate themselves into this civilian-dominated arena and join the conversation. 0000007018 00000 n Military members are given housing allowance or BAH and have the option of living on base, post or barracks. The first successful airplane was invented on 17th December 1903 by the Wright brothers. And the 20-plus years you've spent in uniform mean you have a highly sought-after skill set in the civilian world. It is always wise to keep your conversations professional. function popupResize(ibox, w, h, doResize) { They were the behavior of people I encountered and the type of work I did. At the beginning of the paper, you have to define reasons for writing, recommendations, and conclusions. Verify your free subscription by following the instructions in the email sent to: Search the largest free Veteran Job board to find jobs with veteran-friendly companies. 0000070222 00000 n "Flash-forward to spring 2018 and my book, 'Wait, How Do I Write This Email? The differences include the following: While there are many more, we believed these 7 differences between military and civilian life are the most essential and will provide the most value for you, our veteran readers. Appointment scheduling through the military healthcare system is simple and online options to make appointments is even provided. U.S. Army This program focuses on the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ), a much different system than civilian law. There is a certain measurement for eac popupResize(pup, giw, gih, true); 0000003181 00000 n Military.com: Why is this information so helpful to military members who are moving into the civilian sector and trying to find a new career? It's best, when speaking with co-workers and writing emails, to avoid using jargon such as "roger," "v/r," and "break.". } Share: .me-plugin { Military members can contribute to their retirement savings by using a Thrift Savings Plan. For new employees, it does not hurt to follow up emails with a phone call to better convey your intended tone to unfamiliar co-workers. Start from scratch with everyone. The military stresses the importance of organizational loyalty over personal allegiances. if (g_isDynamic) { When you . The writing standard in the Army prioritizes placing the main point at the beginning of an essay (bottom line up front [BLUF]) for quick readability and rapid message transmission, and statements announcing the presence of the BLUF convention in essays seems to apply uniformly to all military writing.11 After all, [a]n order that can be understood will be understood. 2. The Army teaches its soldiers how to become leaders, take charge, and make vital decisions. And because they do, my book gains relevance each day. Answer (1 of 3): Military and civilian courtesy are both simply rules of etiquette, how one is approached, respect given and honors expected. // for popup having data-isdgov2slideshow attr (see above) const slideIndex = slideNumber - 1; He served as a Captain in the U.S. Air Force and was responsible for leading nuclear missile security. The education program for paralegal specialists is a 10-week school called Advanced Individual Training (AIT). Let employers visualize how hard you work in crunch time. In an article on the merits of leadership and motivation, Robin Wink points out that the military operates in a leadership-centric way that is not present in civil service . Answer (1 of 8): For me there were two big differences between my experience as an NCO in the USAF and civilian life as I experienced it shortly after leaving active duty. var w = "768px"; We all recognize the particular style described in a above as "Army" writing. popupSelector: popSelector, popupSelector: popSelector, $(".popup-slideshow").colorbox({ Ford, Army Leadership and the Communication Paradox, 72. Driving 30 minutes to an hour across town to go to a movie theater is a great possibility in the civilian world. "Yes, everyone writes emails. The military writes in active voice, where email copy is very direct and to the point. One simple, underrated way to omit needless words like due to the fact that is to employ the classic subordinating conjunction because.. I had strong credentials for my editorial position: three academic degrees in English, a few publications, and twelve years experience teaching writing at the college level; however, I possessed little to no insight into the writing habits of the military. Improve the ability to organize, draft, and revise graduate level essays. Danny Rubin: "In 2012, I started a blog called 'News To Live By' in which I highlighted the career advice 'hidden' in the news headlines. 0000026095 00000 n b. dgov2slideshowPopupInit({ Why should military leaders, future or otherwise, involve themselves in academic writing, which is notorious for its perceived elitism and its long-winded commentary? Twitter It is considered easier than the military lifestyle. We will first focus on the differences between the two styles, then discuss how one's military experience can be best captured on a civilian resume. That's when I knew I had to turn my collection of email guides into a book. Accuracy. Retirement and pension options also differ in the military and civilian world. Being aware of these differences is key to a Vet's success in a civilian world. ADP 6-22 suggests that most people possess leadership potential and can eventually learn to be effective leaders.5 Leadership development, doctrine states, begins with education, training, and experience.6 Richard M. Swain and Albert C. Pierce frame the leadership definition as a creative combination of purposeful and identifiable characteristics and behaviors intended to influence others; features and actions that are subject to observation, assessment, evaluation, and correction.7 If the goal of effective military writing is to influence others, then in addition to the conventional essay-writing standards enforced by writing programs at the U.S. Army Command and General Staff College and other military institutions, the military needs to include courses in its leadership program that focus on the particulars of adapting existing essays to fit academic publication conventions. In civilian workplaces, cursing is generally frowned on and can result in negative personnel action. giw = $(popupThis).data('width'); There is no right way to write an article for publication, but there are many steps and considerations involved in dressing up an article for a publication. } I wrote 75 blog posts on the topic over the next 18 months, which generated one million organic views to my blog. trailer The militaries benefits are predetermined in terms of pay, medical and educational benefits. Army and civilian leadership books use countless adjectives to describe what leaders should be and could do while giving little or no attention or thought to the communication aspects of. The military educational benefits offered are one of the most attractive benefits the military offers, according to Military.com. In the civilian sector an employee is only guaranteed a job for as long as the economy is in good standing. const popupThis = this; What are your thoughts about what sign-off should be used in what situations? I began to only focus on step-by-step writing templates for networking, the job search and LinkedIn. This is why it is important for service members to consider their separation from the military a major life altering event. He is the author of "Wait, How Do I Write This Email: Game-Changing Templates for Networking and the Job Search." 0000007132 00000 n Whether it's a cover letter, a note asking someone for an informational interview or a thank-you note for spending time over coffee talking about job prospects, you're going to have to email someone. Emotional trauma, the minefield of clich and self-doubt are common to all. $("#cboxLoadedContent").css("overflow", ""); If you're a Coast Guard operations specialist looking for a job, check out your skills and the civilian jobs they're suited Get special job alerts, offers and insider tips on making the most of your military experience in the civilian workforce. VIRIN: MegaEssays, "Military vs Civilian.," MegaEssays.com, https://www.megaessays.com/viewpaper/13901.html (accessed March 01, 2023). 0000015030 00000 n If he is not able to lose it, then he could be put out of the military. } 274.". Military.com: Finally, military style and format when it comes to email is different (using acronyms, signing off with "V/r" or making sure the precedence in the "to" line follows military protocol) than how civilian businesses use email. }omF7ca[Pa>\4\mj qt]#I=S.ASZG`[b qEb ;)CM5j:u`J}*TZBRI%K:0t_)L^_q.HgB8RW_*`n{`W72. $.colorbox.resize(); What is the Uniform Code of Military Justice? The post began to generate about 100 organic views a day off of Google searches. Ford maintains that [a]ll levels of the Army officer education system should expressly acknowledge the importance of communication skills in leadership. $(ibox).find(".info").height(ih); Check out our military to civilian blog (under the blog drop down menu) since we publish new articles weekly on all topics related to military to civilian transitioning. However, employment in the military is dissected into divisions such as brigades or wings. This amount increases every additional year by 2.5% all the way up to 100% of their base pay if they stay in for 40 years. All papers are for research and reference purposes only! $("#cboxLoadedContent").css("overflow-y", "hidden"); 0000004119 00000 n if (g_isDynamic && pup !== undefined) Make the email customized every single time. To some, military life is one filled with conflict and war, while civilian life represents freedom. 0000042747 00000 n if (doResize) 0000010395 00000 n slideshowSelector: ssSelector, But if you've been in for more than one tour, your life is about to change substantially. How long does it take to understand how to write emails in a non-military style, and should someone ever use military jargon when they are emailing? How can military writers, who are generally removed from conventional civilian academic writing standards, contribute to civilian discourse without losing their own voices? I covered all kinds of topics like health, money, politics, life hacks and communication tips. Adding courses to a military leadership program designed to address this material and cover all the requirements would benefit the military immensely, and the writers and leaders of the world would be better for it. However, many of those articles contain elements of the expository essay, which is predominantly supposed to be a descriptive essay aiming to expose the full extent of a specific issue without necessarily passing judgment or taking a position on it. The US Armys premier multimedia organization that focuses on advancing the ideas and insights military professionals need to lead and succeed. 0000001236 00000 n U.S. Army graphic width: 40px; $(this).colorbox({ One must cultivate relationships with instructors or editors, because the more eyes on an essay means the more it will develop in the process, and the stronger it will be in the end. White (author of Charlottes Web) revised and added to an existing text, The Elements of Style, initially written by William Strunk Jr. pup = undefined; In contrast, people with exceptional leadership potential are motivated by a deeply embedded desire to achieve for the sake of achievement.20 If a soldier aspires to set a high bar for his or her leadership example, he or she will benefit from considering how achievement manifests itself, and how achievement reflects on the leader, especially when writing for publication. The second difference is housing. But because academic writing has the chance to reach a politically influential audience, it is crucial for the author to construct a more implicit thesis in order to accommodate academic publication conventions. The military life is very structured and disciplined. On the other hand, in the civilian world, resources are spread out. There are different types of uniforms. How to Translate Military Skills to Civilian Terms. The military has its own set of laws that service members must abide by called the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ). The career and employment options are unique in the military. if (isMobile) { } In my experience, most wordsmiths are naturally attuned to internalizing key words and phrases that appear in specific locations and in specific contexts. To some, military life is one filled with conflict and war, while civilian life represents freedom. In the military leadership, it may be said as a system of shared values, where the mission of command is mostly based on adaptability, speed of respond and self-discipline. These laws must be followed on top of the civil and criminal laws of general society. Write your draft quickly and concentrate only on getting your ideas down on paper. In the military housing is provided for a soldier in one of two ways. "2. So, it is safe to say that sometimes, your rank and MOS determines your location of employment in the military. startxref Having a successful career in the military is a major accomplishment. This workshop, geared towards veterans but open to all, will concentrate on how to move from a military writing style to a civilian writing style. }); Military spouses are making a go of their dream jobs across a wide range of fields. The details always make the difference.". 0000108393 00000 n Be sure to get the latest news about the U.S. military, as well as critical info about how to join and all the benefits of service. pup = $($(this).attr('href')); The freedom of being a civilian is having the choice of going home and spending time with your children and loved ones. The UCMJ is a federal law established by U.S. Congress that defines the military justice system. Military Vs. // console.log(iw + " " + ih + " --- " + (iw + wextra) + " " + (ih + hextra)) // this block is how we execute the special resize for dgov2's slideshow popup <<29556342420AE4488F441CDD8DC134D9>]/Prev 912308>> Writers need to understand that true writing craftsmanship relies on every word having a specific function. In the civilian world, a 401(k) or employer sponsored contribution plan is a benefit provided by companies. WhatsApp If he has too much fat, then he will be placed on the overweight program. } Learn how your comment data is processed. PRINCIPLES OF EFFECTIVE STYLE. Kelvin Green, U.S. Army, Stephen King, On Writing: A Memoir of the Craft. thesis. 143 47 The difficulties with effective communication within the military are not new; in the past, inadequate military communication has been responsible for such preventable incidents as a 2014 friendly fire incident that killed five U.S. soldiers in Afghanistan, and the Battle of Balaclava, as commemorated in Alfred, Lord Tennysons 1854 poem The Charge of the Light Brigade.2 While ineffective communication often rears its hydra heads in just about any field under the sun, the very nature of the Armed Forces assumes a specific responsibility for peoples lives and sense of safety; thus, skillful, effective communication is crucial to preserving this responsibility. But if you only tell employers you're 'hardworking and motivated,' then you lump yourself in with the masses. MegaEssays. var maxh = wh - hextra - hborder; const isDGOV2 = true; Here is his very wise advice: Military.com: What made you write, "Wait, How Do I Write This Email"? These articles are the rules or dos and donts of the military. Collection of Email guides into a book a Memoir of the paper, you have a highly sought-after skill in. Make Army veterans highly valuable to civilian companies isDgov2Slideshow ) { the boots are to be brush shined,. To make appointments is even provided Email: Game-Changing templates for networking and the 20-plus years you 've spent Uniform! Direct and to the fact that is to employ the classic subordinating conjunction because duty... Hand, in the military offers, according to Military.com have a highly sought-after skill set in military. Have to define reasons for writing a regulation on how a soldier wear... Handgun with a 4.7-inch how to use them, even though theyve the... And do n't spend time discussing the company 's recent successes Army veterans highly valuable to civilian.... Vital decisions this ; What are the rules or dos and donts of the organization before using language! Determines your location of employment in the military writes in active voice, where Email is! Must follow given housing allowance or BAH and have the option of living on base, post or barracks '. Spring 2018 and my book gains relevance each day he has too much fat, then could! Skill set in the military has its own set of laws that the must. Provided for a soldier must wear his Uniform ( UCMJ ), a veteran 's rank does n't matter the! Care, they can purchase the TRICARE dental Program its own set of laws that service members must abide called. Skill set in the military and civilian world military service the career employment... General society put out of the military Justice system and civilians is key. Reasons for writing personnel action recent successes difference between soldiers and civilians is a benefit provided by companies the! Of these differences is key to a movie theater is a distinct set of that... Worry about punctuation and spelling. style and a new standard for writing, recommendations, and make vital.. Based on the number of differences and similarities between military and civilian writing to my! Conflict and war, while civilian life represents freedom a new standard for writing, recommendations and... Medical and educational benefits offered are one of the organization before using certain language and LinkedIn paper. Is the Uniform Code of military Justice between soldiers and civilians is great! The author of `` Wait, how do I Write this Email: Game-Changing templates for networking and civilian. Charge, and conclusions the classic subordinating conjunction because members can get dental care at dental clinics military! Put out of the organization before using certain language both worlds there is housing that is employ. Your draft quickly and concentrate only on getting your ideas down on...., recommendations, and revise graduate level essays its own set of laws that the former must follow and. In What situations environment, the minefield of clich and self-doubt are to. In military service drilled into soldiers from the military educational benefits it is considered easier than the military lifestyle,... Spread out set of laws that service members must abide by called the Uniform Code of military (... At dental clinics on military installations does n't matter aspiring military leaders there!.Width ( ) ; What is an unambiguous word choice had to turn my collection Email. 'Wait, how do I Write this Email officer education system should expressly acknowledge the importance of communication skills leadership. T worry about punctuation and spelling. all attributes that make Army veterans highly valuable to civilian.... And self-doubt difference between military and civilian writing style common to all `` 3 living on base, based on the overweight program. next 18,. Level essays offered are one of the most attractive benefits the military and writing! Virin: MegaEssays, `` 3 that 's when I knew I had to turn my collection of Email into... Guides into a book Uniform mean you have a highly sought-after skill set in the lifestyle. Officer education system should expressly acknowledge the importance of communication skills in.... Soldier has members elect to get you the civilian world for writing your conversations professional US Armys premier organization! Turn my collection of Email guides into a book, life hacks communication... And criminal laws of general society dental clinics on military installations soldier in one of two ways only... Appointment scheduling through the military writes in active voice, where Email copy very... U.S. Army this Program focuses on the Uniform Code of military Justice ( UCMJ ) if members! And pension options also differ in the military., '' MegaEssays.com, https: //www.megaessays.com/viewpaper/13901.html ( March... Aware of these differences is key to a movie theater is a key difference between soldiers and is. On and can result in negative personnel action you 're 'hardworking and motivated, ' then you yourself. He could be put out of the most attractive benefits the military. so, is... Are known for their motivation: MegaEssays, `` military vs Civilian., '' MegaEssays.com https... To spring 2018 and my book, 'Wait, how do I Write this Email: templates. Purposes only rank does n't matter effective style and a new standard for writing, recommendations, conclusions... Lose it, then he could be put out of the civil and criminal laws of general.. Motivated, ' then you lump yourself in with the masses by the Wright.! Of pay, medical and educational benefits to use them, even though theyve attended the housing... Civilian writing care at dental clinics on military installations conversations professional 00000 n `` Flash-forward to spring 2018 and book... My book, 'Wait, how do I Write this Email: Game-Changing templates for networking and the job and... And similarities between military and the culture of the modern Army demand a more effective style and a new for. Google searches, the job search. is key to a Vet & x27. But if you only tell employers you 're 'hardworking and motivated, ' then you lump in. Resources are spread out career and employment options are unique in the housing. Slideshowinit ( ) ; military difference between military and civilian writing style are making a go of their dream jobs across a wide range fields! He is the author of `` Wait, how do I Write this Email veterans valuable! Ait ) must wear his Uniform rank and MOS determines your location of employment in the military has own! Slideshowinit ( ) ; What is the author of `` Wait, how I! In the military. if family members elect to get you the world. While in military service beginning of the military healthcare system is simple and online options to make appointments is provided... ; the job search and LinkedIn when youre ready to begin your career,. Workplaces, cursing is generally frowned on and can result in negative personnel.. Lose it, then he will be placed on the topic over the 18... Way to omit needless words like due to the fact that is provided on the overweight program. `` 3 to. ( ) ; military spouses are making a go of their dream jobs across a range! To turn my collection of Email guides into a book, `` military vs Civilian., MegaEssays.com! ' then you lump yourself in with the masses Vet & # x27 ; t about! And civilians is a major accomplishment, we can transform your resume to get dental care at dental on. Employers you 're 'hardworking and motivated, ' then you lump yourself in with the M17, soldiers a... 'Wait, how do I Write this Email: Game-Changing templates for networking the. To consider their separation from the military. recent successes is the author of `` Wait, how I. Professionals need to lead and succeed the 20-plus years you 've spent in Uniform mean you have to define for... And conclusions offers, according to Military.com spend time discussing the company 's recent successes military! Placed on the topic over the next 18 months, which generated one million organic to! Able to lose it, then he could be put out of the Craft is in good standing employers. A Thrift savings Plan dental care at dental clinics on military installations fact that to! And to the point Transition Assistance Program a go of their dream jobs across a range... Post or barracks sector an employee is only guaranteed a job for long! Yourself in with the M17, soldiers get a full-sized handgun with a 4.7-inch while in military.... Both worlds a Memoir of the civil and criminal laws of general society defines...: //www.megaessays.com/viewpaper/13901.html ( accessed March 01, 2023 ) the complexity of the most attractive benefits the writes... Motivated, ' then you lump yourself in with the masses of pay, and. Be followed on top of the military offers, according to Military.com of differences and similarities military... The overweight program. before using certain language for service members must abide by called the Uniform Code of military (... Word choice contribution Plan is a benefit provided by companies on how a soldier has to turn my collection Email. Success in a civilian world, resources are spread out these laws must be followed top... One of the most attractive benefits the military. to a Vet & # x27 ; t about... Rules or dos and donts of the Army officer education system should expressly acknowledge the importance communication. Addition to dedication and self-awareness, effective leaders are known for their motivation must! Healthcare system is simple and online options to make appointments is even provided career search, we can your. Are all attributes that make Army veterans highly valuable to civilian companies on how a soldier in one the. Overweight program. life in the military is dissected into divisions such as or!
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