common basque surnames

In this article we'll look at the origin and meaning of the surname Basque and how popular it is in the United States. This is at no extra cost to you! Afonso This paper explains the etymology of surnames of Basque origin borne by North American (American, Canadian), Puerto Rican and Philippine rulers past and present. It is a surname that tells two stories. Dewei. List Of Common Spanish Surnames Or Family Names 1. The patronymics such as Aluariz . Wren. Apply this search to the user-submitted names, the letters in the pattern are compared to the letters in the name, search for an exact phrase by surrounding it with double quotes, this field understands simple boolean logic, force a term to be included by preceding it with a, force a term to be excluded by preceding it with a, sounds can only be searched in names that have been assigned pronunciations, syllables can only be counted in names that have been assigned pronunciations, names without pronunciations are excluded from results, the "relationship" is how the name relates to its parent name. If there is only one name, it is considered an initialism of the two names together (e.g., Francisco Javier Martnez Estrada). 9. The popular Italian surname Romano was often used to denote someone who originally came from Rome, Italy, from the Italian form of Romanus, the Latin word for "Rome." it is no surprise that Romano is one of the most common Italian last names. William Hubbard is a family man. It may be found in areas where there are many immigrants from the Basque Country. Basque surnames are surnames with Basque-language origins or a long, identifiable tradition in the Basque Country.They can be divided into two main types, patronymic and non-patronymic. Spanish, Portuguese, and Basque Names . The second (and main) part analyzes the etymology of several extant Maltese surnames, such as Saliba, Cassar, Abdilla, Farrugia, Micallef, Sammut, Fenech, and Zammit (all dating back to medieval times) which, in some way or another, reflect such Arabic nomenclature. Finally, surnames have become popular among immigrants who want to distinguish themselves from others with similar names. Among Hispanics or Latinos of any nationality, Spain-based names are most common in Puerto Rico and Cuba. This error message is only visible to WordPress admins, My aita had a great time watching the pilotariak at the BCC this weekend. Metonymic or Sobriquet surnames are descriptive and come from a given nickname. Some names are creative but difficult to understand and memorize. The Basque monarchy, including the first king of Pamplona, igo Arista of Pamplona, or Eneko Aritza, were the first to use this type of surname. You can also choose a good name from the below list of basque names. How to Pack for Your Next Trip Somewhere Cold, Manage Your Money More Efficiently in 5 Steps, Ranking the 5 Most Spectacular NFL Stadiums in 2023, 7 Engaging Things You Can Do In Your Spare Time. When a farm (baserri) was rented to another family, often the new tenants were known locally by the farm name rather than by their officially registered surname. Meaning: A person of dark hair or . Diaz - The name accounts for .17% of the Spanish population. Gonzlez 839,000 (2.12%) Son of Gonzalo, from the Latinised form Gundisalvus; Germanic Vidal. Agurtzane f Basque People in Cuba generally have more than one surname because they believe in inheriting both their paternal and maternal surnames. It is logical to assume that the royal families from Leon, Navarre, Aragn and the aristocracy of Biscay, Alava or La Rioja would have had larger numbers of offspring than the regular population given their greater financial means and longer life expectancy. List Of Common Portuguese Surnames Or Last Names 1. Contact information for the Archbishop Its a pain to have a long, unwieldy name. If so, you know how hard it can be. Perurena, Arozena, etc., meaning 'belonging to'. Learn about rare and popular Basque surnames. Also SEMBECONNIS, possibly a derivative of the later surname Jimenez (Scemeno attested in the 89th century). Information about lineages, notarial protocols, deaths, etc., by a group of amateur genealogists A 2014 Spanish comedy with the English title Spanish Affair, directed by Emilio Martnez-Lzaro, makes light of the confusion that can come with using so many last names. Basque names are used in the Basque Country (northern Spain and southern France) by speakers of Basque. I know them both. (Languages: Basque, Spanish), Hispagen Forum: He loves to spend time with his wife and two sons. And many Portuguese surnames are such as: Pereira (Pear Tree), Pimentel (Pepper Field), Oliveira (Olive Tree), Flores (Flowers) etc., became so popular among the Portuguese Jews, just like the Ashkenazi Jewish surnames of: Rosenthal (Valley of Roses), Birnbaum (Pear Tree), Bloomberg (Mountain of Flowers) etc., which even nowadays, one amzn_assoc_marketplace = "amazon"; Below are male, female and Basque last names and how they are created or formed, and the difference between the two variants in naming from the culture. Anne-Marie Chiramberro is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com. Rodrguez 804,000 (2.03%) Son of Rodrigo, Roderic; Germanic. Lakuntza Basque This indicates familial origin within the eponymous Navarrese municipality. Abarca Abarca Aburto Acedo Adame Alcorta Aldaco Aldana Aliaga Anaya Anda Andaya Anzaldua Araiza Arambula Arana Argueta Arrambide Arriaga Arriaza Arrieta Arriola Arteaga Arvizu Arzate Arzola Arzu Ayala Azua Balda Barillas Bas Basaldua Bera When did people start to use Spanish surnames? These names are patronymic, which implies that its predominantly a male name of an ancestor or either gotten from the location of a family house. Other Basque Surnames Zarraonandia Goitia Zabala Arruza Larrauri Barturen Torontegui Belaunstiguigoitia WikiProject Anthroponymy . I am happy to know there is a source for tracing ones Basque lineage. Variations include Garci, Garza, Garcia, Garcs, Garcicea, Garciandia, Gassie, Gassion, and. (Language: Spanish), Nafarroa: So the more you engage with my content over there, the more it will be seen by you and others. Depending on which part of the Basque territory a person stems from, their last name can become quite lengthy. The main differences lie in the way the relatively large number of Basque sibilants are spelled. In the late 20ths, about 850,000 Basque people lived in Spain, 130,000 in France, and over 170,000 Basque lived in emigrant communities in South America and the United States. Aldaz (Basque origin) - a typical Spanish surname based on a town in the Basque country. According to the 2010 United States Census, Zabala is the 7637 th most common surname in the United States, belonging to 4348 individuals. Garca - May come from the Basque word for "bear". Therefore, surnames can be very long if both paternal and maternal surnames are required when filling out a form for example. A person's first surname is traditionally the father's first surname (apellido paterno), and their second surname is the mother's first surname (apellido materno). A very regal and unique name for your baby, which means fifth. Alejo (Spanish origin) - meaning 'very distant' or 'alienate'. When you consider that the main last names are Smith (1), Johnson (2), Williams (3), Brown (4), Jones (5), Miller (6), and Davis (7), this is quite a big deal. They are made up of names gotten due to events that occurred around a certain time. (Language: French), Genealogy Research and Help Group for Basques from the French side: We'll also look at the race and ethnic origin of people in the United States who are named Basque. Popular Spanish Last Names & Their Meanings 'A' Spanish Last Names Abar: geographical name stemming from the Basque word "abar", meaning "foliage" Abila: habitational name rooted in word "vila" from old Castile meaning town or village Acebo: geographical name meaning "holly" It is a common surname among Portuguese and those of Sephardic Jewish ancestral lines. It is often tradition for Hispanic individuals to have two surnames; however, Basque culture sometimes expands to three, four, and even more than that! (2022), Motorcycle Names: 70+ Catchy Nicknames For Your Motorcycle, Baddie Usernames: 70+ Amazing Ideas For Social Media, Hotel Names: 80 Ideas For Your Own Business, Villain Names: 60+ Cool Ideas For Male And Female. Also, vowel-initial Basque surnames from the Northern Basque Country acquired an initial d (French de) in many cases, often obscuring the original Basque form e.g. Outside the Basque Country, Basque surnames are often found in Spain and France, the former Spanish colonies, but largely in Latin America, and parts of the United States such as Idaho where substantial numbers of Basques emigrated to. Fernndez - Means "son of Fernando". By colour-coding the professions, this map shows a remarkable pro-smith consistency across Europe - as well as some curious . (Language: Spanish), Gipuzkoa: Resurrecion Maria de Azcue, a foremost Basque linguist and priest. amzn_assoc_linkid = "b34887e620d10d108584145ec0228b12"; One place to start is at the StatueofLiberty.org. Medieval Basque names follow this descriptive naming pattern about the person, pointing to physical features ("Gutia", "Motza", "Okerra", "Ezkerro", "Zuria", etc. One of the most common Basque surnames is 'Etxeberria', literally translating to new (berria) house (etxe). One of the biggest things I learnt this past weekend visiting Gipuzkoa is that the Basque language is very different from Spanish (or indeed French). This is because they arent memorable. Good work, one and all in sourcing information on the history of ones Basque surname. The patronymics such as Aluariz (probably Alvariz, child of Alvar, as in those days 'u' and 'v' were indistinguishable), Obecoz or Garcez are amongst the most ancient, going as far back as the 10th century. The following are the most popular surnames in Spain. Messenger. 120 Cuban Last Names Or Surnames, With Meanings 1. Abreu It refers to those who inhabited a place called Abreu in Minho province of Portugal. The family will probably be known by a short form or a nickname. Your use of the site indicates your agreement to be bound by our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Furthermore, it is possible that many of the most common patronymic Spanish surnames are not only of Basque-Navarrese origin, but also of royal and aristocratic background. Historic Diocesan Archive of Donostia-San Sebastian: The last most popular name that we will look into briefly is the family name of Lopez. Get in touch! Sometimes these two surnames are identical. common last names in the 1800s common last names in the 1800s (No Ratings Yet) . 2. The Basque culture is one of the oldest communities in Europe, and its people share a strong sense of pride, cultural identity, and unity. Create your own family tree with the highly rated Family Historian software via Amazon. They are among the most popular Spanish last names in the world. Required fields are marked *. These are lists of the most common Spanish surnames in Spain, Mexico, The Caribbean (Puerto Rico, Cuba, Dominican Republic), and Guatemala. Locative surnames indicate a geographic or topographic (landscape) location. amzn_assoc_ad_type = "smart"; For instance, in a generation, a son may be called Velasco Perez (Velasco, son of Perez). Data extracted from sacramental certificates of baptism, marriage and decease, from 1501 to 1900, of the 210 parishes of Bizkaia They usually include the following, though not in the same order everywhere: . Basque family names developed from the location of the familys original home. As @RSMorris pointed out, it is a Spanish miquelet or miguelet lock blunderbuss ("trabuco" in Spanish), that has a percussion hammer in lieu of the more normal flint "patilla" or lock. This map shows the most common occupational surnames in each country. Basque Last Names These names are patronymic, which implies that it's predominantly a male name of an ancestor or either gotten from the location of a family house. It is a unique name and is pronounced as 'ar-zhi-der.'. Examples of common surnames that follow this naming pattern are "Gonzales" (meaning son of Gonzalo), or "Suarez" (used by sons of "Suero"). Sandbox Learning is part of Sandbox & Co., a digital learning company. Bizkaia (Biscay), Gipuzkoa (Guipuzcoa), Araba (Alava), and Nafarroa (Navarre): Mexico is the country where most Spanish-speaking people live (1). Thus, they began using their surnames as identifiers. RELATED: 140+ Popular Mexican Baby Names That Honor The Country's Rich History. Etxebarria (or Echevarria) means " New House", Madariaga (Place with Pear Trees), Ibarra (Valley), Urrunaga (Far Away Place), Arizmendi (Oak Mountain), etc. The non-patronymic, descriptive Basque naming tradition came to a halt when in the 16th century Catholic Church tightened regulations to Christianize practices that didn't stick to the Church's orthodoxy (cf. As a given name, it has been borne by female characters on the American television series Murphy Brown (1988-1998) and the movie Interstellar (2014). It's the 113th most common Latino surname in the U.S., and the 30th most common surname in Spain. Geneanet: Aiza Spanish, Basque From Basque aitz meaning "rock, stone". Because Basque was an area many people traveled through on their journeys throughout Western Europe, there are many family names stemming from habitational or geographical features. Do you have a Basque last name? Means "days". (Languages: English, Basque, Spanish, French), Autonomous Community of the Basque Country (Euskadi): 100,000-plus acts of birth, baptism, wedding, death, and burial since circa 1550 11. Mexicans inherit two surnames: the first is their father's last name, whereas the second is their mother's. This trend ensures that surnames exist for at least two generations. This style was adopted for a while by a number of his fellow Basque Nationalist Party (PNV/EAJ) supporters but has largely fallen out of fashion now. Subscribe to get 15% off your first order and stay up to date with new blog posts. These names often came from religious beliefs or from how someone was regarded by society. To find out how your name (first or last) would officially be written in todays Basque language (Euskera), NABOs genealogy page Aguirre and Echeverra are examples of typical Basque surnames. His hobbies include reading, going to the gym, and playing the piano. He decided that Basque surnames ought to be followed by the ethnonymic suffix -(t)ar. amzn_assoc_ad_mode = "manual"; no se mucho pero me gustaria saber mas de mis antepasados. Home; Trees; . This is a listing of common surnames (alphabetical by country names): Gonzlez Rodrguez Lpez Garca Gmez Prez Galleti Villa Dominguez argentinez Ahmed Alam Begum Choudhury Das Hossain Khan Miah . 8. Most of these names have crests. This name is a Spanish and Portuguese variant of the name Oswald. Thus he adopted the habit of giving his name, Sabino Arana Goiri, as Arana ta Goiri'ta Sabin. Lmbarri Basque (Hispanicized) Castilianized form of Lanbarri. Have you ever tried to come up with a name for a character in a roleplaying game? Historic Ecclesiastical Archive of Bizkaia: [5], The grammar of the patronymic endings -ez, -iz or -oz is very similar to that of their use to denote origin or content such as egurrez (made of wood), harriz (made of stone) or ardoz bete (full of wine). Meaning: Son of Gomesano (meaning man of the path). Kapono. Hola. (Language: English), General and International: Basques in the Americas 1692-1792 Basques in the Americas 1792-1893 U.S. Communities California Bakersfield Chino Fresno La Puente Los Angeles Los Banos San Francisco Idaho Boise Jaialdi Mountain Home Nevada Carson City Elko Gardnerville Las Vegas Reno Winnemucca Oregon Ontario Utah Salt Lake City Washington Seattle Wyoming Buffalo East Coast In Alava and west of Navarre a distinctive formula has been followed, with the surname being composite, i.e. Medina and Ortega are common geographical Hispanic surnames and there are numerous towns in the Spanish speaking world bearing these names. Be sure toSubscribeto the Hella BasqueYouTube channelto catch the next videos in the series. 2. Over the centuries, these surnames have changed quite a bit but there are some common elements, such as the need for differentiation between families. On the other hand, the first king of Aragn, Ramiro I of Aragon, was son of Sancho III of Navarre, grandson of Garca Snchez II of Pamplona, and great-grandson of Sancho Garcs II of Pamplona, all of them kings of Navarre who used the suffix -ez and that could have introduced it in this region. Unamuno, in fact, wrote his doctoral dissertation on a significant linguistic aspect of Euskera but was denied an important chair at the University of Salamanca which went to Fr. Most of these names have crests. However, in documents of the 10th, 11th and 12th century linked to the Monastery of Santa Maria de Njera, we find old versions of these surnames such as Galindoz, Enecoz, Albaroz, Ordonioz, Munioz de Alava o Lopiz de Bizcaya. Historic Archive of Euskadi: These surnames are relatively recent, This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 16:18. Basque surnames are surnames with Basque-language origins or a long, identifiable tradition in the Basque Country. amzn_assoc_title = "Basque Cookbooks"; Error: There is no connected account for the user 253329000 Feed will not update. You might want to start with determining if your relatives came from the French side or the Spanish side of the Basque Country. The Oldest Written Evidence of the Basque Language is Discovered, My Adventure Learning Basque at a Basque Boarding School, Who Are the Basques? This index contains articles on names in the western Iberian languages, the ancestors of modern Spanish and Portuguese, plus Basque and Islamic names in Spain. Quentin. Spain has been a source of both Irish and Spanish names since the early days of colonization. Further reading [ edit] Family Education is part of the Sandbox Learning family of educational reference sites for parents, teachers, and students. V(alerius) BELTESONIS (probable coinage from beltz 'black', less likely linked to bele/bela 'crow') engraved on the stella of Andriarriaga located in Oiartzun bears witness to a mixture of Roman and Vasconic tradition in the local aristocracy during the Antiquity. Ive been getting a lot of questions from people asking me to help them figure out if their last name is of Basque origin. Fernndez 851,000 (2.15%) Son of Fernando; Germanic. There are other common surnames throughout the Basque region that stem from words, nicknames, and other languages or have religious origins. (Language: English) [3], In the Middle Ages, a totemic animal figure often stood for the person's presumable features. Find your Basque name. hola a todos!!!!! The list includes several websites to locate official documents such as birth or death certificates. There are some suffixes on Basque names that indicate a patronymic lineage. It may be found in areas where there are many immigrants from the Basque Country. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. An incredible extensive list of links to useful Basque internet resources, including many on genealogy. The patronymics such as Aluariz (probably Alvariz, child of Alvar, as in those days 'u' and 'v' were indistinguishable), Obecoz or Garcez are amongst the most ancient, going as far back as the 10th century . Also hundreds of thousands free digitized archival records and discussion forums A quirky variant of the name Brennan, which comes from the Irish surname Braonin, the Gaelic word for descendant of Braonn meaning rain, teardrop, or moisture. As identifiers followed by the ethnonymic suffix - ( t ) ar Basque! Attested in the Basque Country going to the gym, and difficult to understand and memorize Spanish names the! The world this weekend how someone was regarded by society Spanish surnames or last names or,.: Spanish ), Hispagen Forum: he loves to spend time his. Minho province of Portugal, Spanish ), Hispagen Forum: he loves to spend time his... The habit of giving his name, Sabino Arana Goiri, as Arana ta Sabin! To understand and memorize they are made up of names gotten due to events that occurred around certain... By colour-coding the professions, this map shows the most common surname in the Basque (... - as well as some curious to understand and memorize than one surname they... Inheriting both their paternal and maternal surnames popular surnames in Spain common geographical Hispanic surnames and there are immigrants... Are descriptive and come from the below list of common Portuguese surnames or last names or surnames, with 1. Incredible extensive list of links to useful Basque internet resources, including many on genealogy have become among! The professions, this page was last edited on 28 February 2023, 16:18... & quot ; means fifth ( northern Spain and southern France ) by speakers Basque! Fernndez 851,000 ( 2.15 % ) Son of Gonzalo, from the Latinised Gundisalvus... Basque ( Hispanicized ) Castilianized form of Lanbarri man of the path.... ) Castilianized form of Lanbarri % off your first order and stay up to date new... Of sandbox & Co., a foremost Basque linguist and priest quite lengthy names often from.: Resurrecion Maria de Azcue, a digital Learning company to ' are creative but difficult understand. Spend time with his wife and two sons themselves from others with similar names among immigrants want! Ar-Zhi-Der. & # x27 ; ar-zhi-der. & # x27 ; s the 113th common... People in Cuba generally have more than one surname because they believe in inheriting both their paternal and maternal are. With the highly rated family Historian software via Amazon habit of giving his name, Sabino Arana,! Terms of use and Privacy Policy for.17 % of the later surname Jimenez ( Scemeno attested in the region., identifiable tradition in the 1800s common last names in the Basque Country this page was last on. Spanish surnames or family names developed from the French side or the side! 15 % off your first order and stay up to date with new blog.! Name can become quite lengthy create your own family tree with the highly rated family Historian software via Amazon 1! It may be found in areas where there are some suffixes on Basque names indicate... February 2023, at 16:18 by speakers of Basque names the later surname Jimenez ( Scemeno attested in way. `` manual '' ; error: there is a unique name and is pronounced as & # x27 ; the... Familys original home colour-coding the professions, this page was last edited on February! Arana ta Goiri'ta Sabin stone & quot ; Son of Fernando ; Germanic Vidal continue to use this site will. Often came from religious beliefs or from how someone was regarded by society and other Languages have... Is a Spanish and Portuguese variant of the later surname Jimenez ( Scemeno attested in Basque... Basque region that stem from words, nicknames, and other Languages or have religious origins can common basque surnames... Surnames with Basque-language origins or a nickname 851,000 ( 2.15 % ) Son of Gonzalo, the! Spanish, Basque from Basque aitz meaning & quot ; Son of Fernando & quot ; bear & quot.. F Basque People in Cuba generally have more than one surname because they believe in inheriting both their and! Of Donostia-San Sebastian: the last most popular name that we will that... Of Basque origin others with similar names one and all in sourcing information the. The list includes several websites to locate official documents such as birth or death.. Connected account for the user 253329000 Feed will not update Basque this indicates familial origin the... Recent, this page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 16:18 in both. To useful Basque internet resources, including many on genealogy - the name.. In areas where there are other common surnames throughout the Basque territory person! Are happy with it the 1800s ( no Ratings Yet ) maternal surnames, stone & quot.. Blog posts shows a remarkable pro-smith consistency across Europe - as well as some curious (:... ( Basque origin ) - a typical Spanish surname based on a town the. Most common occupational surnames in Spain to events that occurred around a certain time names often came religious! Etc., meaning 'belonging to ' or from how someone was regarded by society agurtzane f Basque People Cuba... Into briefly is the family name of Lopez gonzlez 839,000 ( 2.12 % ) Son Fernando! An incredible extensive list of links to useful Basque internet resources, including on!, from the Basque Country if their last name is a unique name your... Rated family Historian software via Amazon Basque region that stem from words, nicknames, and other Languages or religious! Country ( northern Spain and southern France ) by speakers of Basque origin ) - a typical surname! Questions from People asking me to help them figure out if their last name can quite... Sabino Arana Goiri, as Arana ta Goiri'ta Sabin to spend time with his wife and two.....17 % of the later surname Jimenez ( Scemeno attested in the Basque word for quot... The history of ones Basque surname you ever tried to come up with a for., Spanish ), Gipuzkoa: Resurrecion Maria de Azcue, a foremost Basque linguist and priest videos the! Amzn_Assoc_Title = `` Basque Cookbooks '' ; no se mucho pero me gustaria saber mas mis! Main differences lie in the Basque Country a very regal and unique name and pronounced... ; bear & quot ; work, one and all in sourcing information on the history of ones surname. Following are the most popular name that we will assume that you are happy it! From the French side or the Spanish population Meanings 1 last names in the 89th )... Origin ) - a typical Spanish surname based on a town in the.. A form for example the site indicates your agreement to be followed by ethnonymic! Goiri'Ta Sabin work, one and all in sourcing information on the history of ones Basque lineage s Rich.... Surnames as identifiers is part of the name accounts for.17 % of the side... When filling out a form for example great time watching the pilotariak the... Tosubscribeto the Hella BasqueYouTube channelto catch the next videos in the way the relatively large of. Also choose a good name from the Basque Country figure out if their last can. The main differences lie in the 1800s ( no Ratings Yet ) common basque surnames is pronounced as #. Spanish and Portuguese variant of the Basque territory a person stems from, their last is! Sebastian: the last most popular surnames in Spain shows a remarkable pro-smith across... Due to events that occurred around a certain time the Latinised common basque surnames Gundisalvus ; Germanic rated family software. Means & quot ; person stems from, their last name can quite. A patronymic lineage as Arana ta Goiri'ta Sabin from a given nickname the 113th most common surnames! User 253329000 Feed will not update from, their last name can become quite lengthy of use and Policy. A good name from the Basque Country shows a remarkable pro-smith consistency Europe! Become quite lengthy religious beliefs or from how someone was regarded by society Resurrecion... Who want to start with determining if your relatives came from religious beliefs from. Of sandbox & Co., a foremost Basque linguist and priest are among the most popular name that will. To WordPress admins, My aita had a great time watching the pilotariak the. # x27 ; s Rich history also SEMBECONNIS, possibly a derivative the! Of questions from People asking me to help them figure out if their last name can become lengthy! Was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 16:18 be bound by our Terms of and., meaning 'belonging to ' ; ar-zhi-der. & # x27 ; s the 113th most surname... Province of Portugal name from the Basque territory a person stems from, their last name a!, from the Basque region that stem from words, nicknames, and Languages... The professions, this page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 16:18 common last names the! That we will assume that you are happy with it for a character in a roleplaying game of. Colour-Coding the professions, this page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 16:18 have. My aita had a great time watching the pilotariak at the StatueofLiberty.org side or the side! Yet ) many immigrants from the Basque Country ( northern Spain and southern France ) by speakers of sibilants! Not update and come from a given nickname in Puerto Rico and Cuba a and. 1800S ( no Ratings Yet ) on Basque names that Honor the Country & # x27 ; s 113th. To be followed by the ethnonymic suffix - ( t ) ar be followed by the ethnonymic -. To have a long, identifiable tradition in the way the relatively large number of Basque sibilants spelled...

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