german prime minister 2022

According to the Weimar Constitution of 1919, the chancellor was head of a collegial government. With Germany's constitution of 1949, the title of Bundeskanzler was revived. German Chancellor Olaf Scholz on Sunday (Feb 27) opened his extraordinary speech to the German Bundestag with this sentence: "The 24th of February, 2022, marked a change in the history of our. [134], In December 2019, Scholz criticized the US legislation imposing sanctions on Russia's Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline to Germany, saying: "Such sanctions are a serious interference in the internal affairs of Germany and Europe and their sovereignty. The alliance has been described as a "traffic light" coalition in reference to the parties' traditional colors. In the end, he chose Karl Lauterbach, an epidemiologist and Social Democratic politician who criticized the Merkel administration's handling of the pandemic. : Olaf Scholz ein kritisches Portrt ber den Kanzlerkandidaten der SPD", "Olaf Scholz frher: "Abrstung jetzt" in SWR2 Archivradio", "DeutschlandRadio Berlin Interview Scholz: Politisch Verantwortliche erst spter vernehmen", "Ronald Schill: Chronik einer kurzen Polit-Karriere", "Olaf Scholz: einst Kapitalismuskritik, dann Sozialabbau". Grand Coalition', "Wen beruft Olaf Scholz aus der rheinland-pflzischen SPD? In fact, eight of the 16 cabinet members will be women. As expected, Labor Minister Hubertus Heil, who was part of Angela Merkel's cabinet in her grand coalition, will keep his job. Olaf Scholz became Germany's ninth post-World War II chancellor Wednesday, opening a new era for the European Union's most populous nation and largest economy after Angela Merkel's 16-year tenure. From 1982 to 1988, he was Deputy Federal Juso Chairman, and from 1987 to 1989 also Vice President of the International Union of Socialist Youth. [42] He formed a coalition government with the Green Party, with Green leader Katharina Fegebank serving as Deputy First Mayor. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau got an earful from a German Member of EU Parliament on Wednesday. This Is The Candidate To Beat In The Race To Become Germany's Next Leader, As Germany's Merkel Steps Down, Those Who Guided Her Into Politics Remember Her, How The 2010s Were Angela Merkel's Decade. He was appointed by the Bundesprsidium, (i.e. The constitution of Germany was altered on 29 October 1918, when the parliament was given the right to dismiss the chancellor. "Die Autorisierung von Interviews: ein Machtkampf", Mntefering Resignation: Merkel Loses 'Mr. According to the sense of the Weimar Constitution, the president was thus to have the initiative. The private lodging of the chancellors at Bonn has previously been the Chancellor's bungalow built by Ludwig Erhard in the park of Palais Schaumburg, while his predecessor Konrad Adenauer used to live in his private house near Bonn. During his brief time as Senator, he controversially approved the forced use of emetics to gather evidence from suspected drug dealers. While his successors have tended to be less domineering, the chancellor has acquired enough ex officio authority (in addition to his/her constitutional powers) that Germany is often described by constitutional law experts as a "chancellor democracy". She has a different outlook, particularly on foreign policy and on European policy," says Marcel Fratzscher, president of the German Institute for Economic Research. [148], Apart from increasing defense spending and aiding Ukraine, the invasion also helped the German government to admit the dangers of relying on Russian gas. The king, as holder of the Bundesprsidium, appointed him on 14 July. "We commit to a community of democracies across the globe and I am very grateful to President Biden for emphasizing the importance of multilateralism and at the same time, we are committed to what unites particular nations: the idea of freedom, the rule of law, democracy and respect for human rights. The ministers were appointed by the president on the recommendation of the chancellor (Article 53),[4] and members of the government required the confidence of the Reichstag (Article 54). That is a falsification of history and a disgraceful distortion. Since late November 2021, he has expressed support for mandatory vaccination for adults, scheduled to be voted during the first months of 2022 by the federal parliament, and for the closure of non-essential retail stores to unvaccinated adults, based on the so-called 2G-Regel, decreed by state governments in December 2021. Claudia Roth, designated minister of state for culture, Anne Spiegel, designated family affairs minister, Robert Habeck, designated minister of economy, energy and climate protection, Annalena Baerbock, designated foreign minister, Cem Ozdemir, designated agriculture minister, and Steffi Lemke, designated environment minister, present themselves to the media on Monday in Berlin. Latest information, background knowledge, videos and services: Find out more about the political work and goals of the Federal Government of Germany. [89] In an emergency meeting of Parliament on 27 February, Scholz made an historic speech announcing a complete reversal of German military and foreign policy, including shipping weapons to Ukraine and dramatically increasing Germany's defense budget. A chancellor's election is necessary whenever the office of Chancellor has fallen vacant. He is a polarizing figure in a country where about 30% of the population is unvaccinated, so the selection sets the way for a potential political fallout. Olaf Scholz, the center-left Social Democratic Party's candidate, is set to be Germany's next chancellor. But on many issues, notably domestic and European fiscal policies, the FDP often advocated a harder line than Merkel did. Answer new questions for the future! [110] A report by the Kiel Institute for the World Economy commissioned by the Federal Government in 2020 certified the same deficiencies in the tax concept that Tenhagen had already pointed out. [14] The Hamburg Medical Chamber expressed disapproval of this practice due to potential health risks.[15]. people asked skeptically," Scholz told a press conference in Berlin on Wednesday, according to a Reuters translation. "[137] After the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, Prince Metternich served as state chancellor of the Austrian Empire (18211848), likewise Prince Hardenberg acted as Prussian chancellor (18101822). He said Germany would not be able to get out of the pandemic without compulsory vaccinations. He described this morning's scenes as the most horrific act of. The "principle of ministerial autonomy" entrusts each minister with the freedom to supervise departmental operations and prepare legislative proposals without cabinet interference so long as the minister's policies are consistent with the chancellor's broader guidelines. This procedure is called "constructive motion of no confidence" (konstruktives Misstrauensvotum) and was created to avoid the situation that existed in the Weimar Republic, when it was easier to gather a parliament majority willing to remove a government in office than to find a majority capable of supporting a new stable government.[10]. Olaf Scholz, the center-left Social Democratic Party's candidate, is set to be Germany's next chancellor. By 1 September 2022 the actual volume of German arms deliveries to Ukraine was only exceeded by that of deliveries by the United States and the United Kingdom. [84] In September 2022, Scholz visited the United Arab Emirates, Qatar and Saudi Arabia, seeking to deepen ties with the Arab states of the Persian Gulf and find alternative sources of energy. Advisory Council, launched by Canada at the 2018 Charlevoix G7 Summit, will pursue its important work under the 2022 German G7 Presidency. After graduating from high school in 1977, he began studying law at the University of Hamburg in 1978 as part of a one-stage legal training course. Time to end interview authorization in Germany? One of the reasons he and his party prevailed in the federal election is that in Scholz, Germans see a continuation of Merkel's governing style: Scholz is a calm, steady hand in a crisis and a pragmatic leader who strives for compromise. This is the case if a newly elected Bundestag meets for the first time, or if the chancellor dies or resigns. [113][114][115][116][117], In August 2020, Scholz held a phone call with US Secretary of the Treasury Steven Mnuchin, discussing a lift of US sanctions on the Nord Stream 2 pipeline. Wrocklage had resigned due to allegations of nepotism. The chancellor's election (in the first two voting phases) is one of the few cases in which a vote in the Bundestag requires a majority of all elected members, not just a majority of those assembled at the time, or the so-called Kanzlermehrheit ("chancellor majority"). In both of these aspects, the executive of the federation, and then empire, as it was formed in 1867 and 1871, was deliberately different from the Imperial Ministry of the revolutionary years 184849, which had been led by a prime minister elected by the National Assembly. [29], In 2011, Scholz was the lead SPD candidate at the Hamburg state election, which the SPD won with 48.3 per cent of the votes, taking 62 of 121 seats in the Hamburg Parliament. [86] Scholz's government approved new arms export deals to Saudi Arabia, despite a ban imposed as a result of the Saudi war in Yemen and the assassination of Jamal Khashoggi. February 15, 2022, 5:56 AM. Mayntz, Renate. [4] The provisions gave rise to the question of who in fact was responsible for forming the government. A member of the Social Democratic Party (SPD), he previously served as Vice Chancellor under Angela Merkel and as Federal Minister of Finance from 2018 to 2021. Federal Chancellor of the North German Confederation (18671870), Federal Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany (1949present), Meyers Taschenlexikon Geschichte vol.2 1982, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the GDR, constitution of Germany was altered on 29 October 1918, List of chancellors of Germany Weimar Republic (19181933), List of chancellors of Germany Federal Republic of Germany (1949present), Minister for Economic Affairs and Climate Protection, List of chancellors of Germany by time in office, Religious affiliations of chancellors of Germany, "Das Amt des Bundeskanzlers: Einzelfragen zur Vergtung und weiteren Leistungen", "Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany", https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/detail/news-photo/handschriftliche-r%C3%BCcktrittserkl%C3%A4rung-von-bundeskanzler-news-photo/545935043, Prince Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfrst, Chronology of warfare between the Romans and Germanic tribes, Roman campaigns in Germania (12 BC AD 16), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chancellor_of_Germany&oldid=1141568948, Lists of political office-holders in Germany, Articles with dead external links from August 2020, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles needing additional references from February 2023, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2020, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Pages using infobox official post with unknown parameters, Articles needing additional references from September 2017, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, the king of Prussia in his federal constitutional role as bearer of the, The "chancellor principle" makes the chancellor responsible for all government policies; this is also known as the. one and two thirds of Salary Grade B11 (according to 11 (1) a of the Federal Law on Ministers Bundesministergesetz, BGBl. The federal government (Bundesregierung) consists of the chancellor and cabinet ministers. [142] In a meeting with Polish Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki Scholz said: "We have concluded treaties that are valid and have settled the past issues and the compensation". The party won a plurality of seats in the Bundestag and formed a "traffic light coalition" with Alliance 90/The Greens and the Free Democratic Party. [35] From 2015 until 2018, he also served as Commissioner of the Federal Republic of Germany for Cultural Affairs under the Treaty on Franco-German Cooperation. [24], Scholz resigned from his Bundestag mandate on 10 March 2011, three days after he had been elected as First Mayor of Hamburg. British Prime Minister Rishi Sunak, German Prime Minister Olaf Scholz, and French President Emmanuel Macron are emailed daily. How Angela Merkel changed Germany and the world, The German coalition will need to make compromises on financing the green revolution: Bernstein. Ebert continued to serve as head of government during the three months between the end of the German Empire in November 1918 and the first gathering of the Weimar National Assembly in February 1919, but did not use the title of chancellor. ", "Olaf Scholz Bruder: Warum Jens Scholz in Paris berhmt", "Stades Brgermeister verkndet seinen Abschied", "Olaf Scholz, a sound guardian for Germany's finances", "Scholz: Christliche Prgung unserer Kultur wertschtzen", "Kann er Kanzler? As Chancellor, Scholz oversees Germany's response to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Since the office remained the same, it was not necessary for Bismarck to be re-appointed. Despite having a much more restrained and cautious response than that of other Western countries, Scholz oversaw an increase in the German defense budget, weapons shipments to Ukraine, and a discontinuance of the Nord Stream 2 pipeline. The chancellor was appointed by the Reich president, as were the ministers, on the chancellor's recommendation. 24 February 2022 The Prime Minister spoke to German Chancellor Olaf Scholz this afternoon about Russia's invasion of Ukraine. The new coalition said it would launch a parliamentary investigation into the Afghanistan evacuation operation. In 1871, the concept of the federal chancellor was transferred to the executive of the newly formed German Empire, which now also contained the South German states. Arno Schuetze and Foo Yun Chee (27 May 2015). [37], Scholz was asked to participate in exploratory talks between the CDU, CSU and SPD parties to form a coalition government following the 2013 federal election. [28] In 2010, he participated in the annual Bilderberg Meeting in Sitges, Spain. After only two months in office, and following the burning of the Reichstag building, the parliament passed the Enabling Act giving the chancellor full legislative powers for a period of four years the chancellor could introduce any law without consulting Parliament. Here are some of the keys to understanding the transition underway in this major European power. [38] In the subsequent negotiations, he led the SPD delegation in the financial policy working group; his co-chair from the CDU/CSU was Finance Minister Wolfgang Schuble. Chancellor Ludwig Erhard had the largest cabinet, with 22 ministers, in the mid-1960s. However, the change could not prevent the outbreak of a revolution a few days later. He ended it by accusing the German government of "dragging its feet" with regard to taking action against Russia. In this capacity, he worked closely with the CDU Chief Whip Norbert Rttgen to manage and defend the grand coalition led by Chancellor Angela Merkel in the Bundestag. For this reason, Prince Bismarck (as he was from 1871 onwards) continued to serve as both minister president and foreign minister of Prussia for virtually his entire tenure as chancellor of the empire, since he wanted to continue to exercise the power. And it'll be crucial for this new administration to show it can govern as a unified coalition, making the economy more competitive, not only improving people's lives, but also lessening its impact on the planet, a top concern particularly for the Greens. Olaf Scholz, the center-left Social Democratic Party's candidate, will be Germany's next chancellor, replacing Angela Merkel who has led Germany for 16 years. Scholz was born on 14 June 1958, in Osnabrck, Lower Saxony, but grew up in Hamburg's Rahlstedt district. Experts criticized parts of his plans because they believed that it would primarily affect small shareholders. [50] Within his first months in office, Scholz became one of Germany's most popular politicians, reaching an approval rating of 50 per cent. [69][70] He justified this with the fact that many of those he considered suitable did not run for office and a resulting responsibility. "[162] On 16 June 2022, Scholz visited the Ukrainian Capital, Kyiv, alongside French President Emmanuel Macron and Italy's Prime Minister Mario Draghi to meet President Volodymyr Zelenskyy. [58] Also in June 2021, Scholz had the Federal Central Tax Office purchase information about potential tax evaders from Dubai. [3] His parents worked in the textile industry. Its Allies Wonder", "Why Germany isn't sending weapons to Ukraine", "Russia Ukraine news Live: Street fighting begins in Kyiv", "New Chancellor Meets Old Resentments. Secretary Antony J. Blinken and German Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock at the Munich Security Conference . (AP Photo/Michael Sohn) - 2MA965B from Alamy's library of millions of high resolution stock photos, illustrations and vectors. He often treated his ministers as mere extensions of his authority rather than colleagues. Under Articles 54 and 59,[4] the Reichstag could also impeach the chancellor as well as the ministers and the president before the State Court for the German Reich (Staatsgerichtshof fr das Deutsche Reich), the Weimar Republic's constitutional court. My ambition as chancellor is that this traffic light alliance will play a similarly groundbreaking role for Germany," he added. This was the case with Chancellor Gerhard Schrder from 1999 until he resigned the chairmanship of the SPD in 2004. 4 minutes; 68 views; February 7, 2022 User Clip: Biden: I don't know if Putin even knows. [118][119][120] The move has sparked controversy about the SPD's stance towards renewable energy. 1971 I p.1166 and attachment IV to the Federal Law on Salaries of Officers Bundesbesoldungsgesetz, BGBl. Between 2009 and 2011, he was also a member of the SPD group's Afghanistan/Pakistan Task Force. With his proposals for reforming the party, he was widely interpreted to position himself as a potential challenger or successor to Schulz within the SPD. [47], In 2017, Scholz received criticism over his handling of riots that took place during the G20 summit in Hamburg. 2. [101] Scholz supported the Comprehensive Agreement on Investment between the EU and China. The agreement also included provisions for the prohibition on natural gas heating in new buildings and replacement of natural gas systems in existing buildings. [74] Scholz belongs to the centrist wing of the SPD,[75] and his nomination was seen by Die Tageszeitung as marking the decline of the party's left. German businesses are anxious to see what this transformation means for them in reality, in terms of energy prices and business costs. [45][46] Later that year, Scholz alongside Minister-President Torsten Albig of Schleswig-Holstein negotiated a debt-restructuring deal with the European Commission that allowed the German regional lender HSH Nordbank to offload 6.2 billion euros in troubled assets mainly non-performing ship loans onto its government majority owners and avoid being shut down, saving around 2,500 jobs. 2022-11-04T09:35:19.502Z [NHK] German Prime Minister Scholz visited China and met with President Xi Jinping, who entered an unusual third term as the top of the Communist Party. They discussed the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline, which would bring Russian gas under the Baltic Sea to Germany bypassing Poland, and Poland's dispute with the EU over the rule of law and the primacy of European Union law. After the Social Democratic Party entered the Fourth Merkel Government in 2018, Scholz was appointed as both Minister of Finance and Vice Chancellor of Germany. [100] He tried to persuade Chinese Vice Premier Liu He that China should be more open to German firms. [36], In 2013, Scholz opposed a public initiative aiming at a complete buyback of energy grids that the city of Hamburg had sold to utilities Vattenfall Europe AG and E.ON decades before; he argued this would overburden the city, whose debt stood at more than 20 billion euros at the time. 17.10.2022 Page ", Claudia Roth, designated minister of state for culture, Anne Spiegel, designated family affairs minister, Robert Habeck, designated minister of economy, energy and climate protection, Annalena Baerbock, designated foreign minister, Cem Ozdemir, designated agriculture minister, and Steffi Lemke, designated environment minister, present themselves to the media on Monday in Berlin. From the days of Louis the German, the archbishop of Mainz was ex officio German archchancellor, a position he held until the end of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, while de jure the archbishop of Cologne was chancellor of Italy and the archbishop of Trier of Burgundy. In 2013 he said that he found the attribution "very appropriate". The Prime Minister, Justin Trudeau, today had a successful bilateral visit to Germany. All Rights Reserved. In order to garner legislative support in the Bundestag, the chancellor can also ask for a motion of confidence (Vertrauensfrage, literally "question of trust"), either combined with a legislative proposal or as a standalone vote. German Chancellor Olaf Scholz will arrive in Japan on the afternoon of the 28th and will stay until the 29th. Because his seat was an overhang seat, it was not filled until the 2002 German federal election. Olaf Scholz (German: [olaf lts] (listen); born (1958-06-14)14 June 1958) is a German politician who has served as the chancellor of Germany since 8 December 2021. [1], Holding the third-highest state office available within Germany, the chancellor of Germany receives 220,000 per annum and a 22,000 bonus, i.e. For that reason, some observers refer to the German political system as a "chancellor democracy". [76], Scholz led the SPD to a narrow victory in the election, winning 25.8 per cent of the vote and 206 seats in the Bundestag. These three prince-archbishops were also prince-electors of the empire electing the King of the Romans. He became his party's Chief Whip in the Bundestag, later entering the First Merkel Government in 2007 as Minister of Labour and Social Affairs. Only in October 1918 was the constitution changed to require that the chancellor have the trust of parliament. The German Confederation of 18151866 did not have a government or parliament, only the Bundestag as representative organ of the states. Singapore's Deputy Prime Minister, German Chancellor Olaf Scholz and Roland Busch, Chairman of the Managing Board of Siemens AG, meet at the 17th Asia . This was changed in the new constitution of 16 April 1871 to Reichskanzler. "New faces need not mean a major change in policies. [64][65], In June 2019, Scholz initially ruled out a candidacy for the party co-leadership following the resignation of Andrea Nahles. [142] As a consequence of aggression by Nazi Germany, Poland lost about a fifth of its population and much of Poland was subjected to enormous destruction of its industry and infrastructure.[143][144]. He was also First Mayor of Hamburg from 2011 to 2018 and deputy leader of the SPD from 2009 to 2019. In practice the Reich chancellor's power to determine political guidelines was limited by his own party as well as the other parties in the governing coalition. [85] Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman received Scholz in Jeddah. India and Germany agreed to work on development projects in third countries. In 1987, Scholz crossed the inner-German border again and stood up for disarmament agreements as Juso-Vice at an FDJ peace rally in Wittenberg.[11]. In recent days, each party approved a coalition agreement that lays out government objectives, such as raising the minimum wage to 12 euros/hour ($13.50), phasing out coal-fired power plants by 2030 and making a pledge for the country to go carbon neutral by 2045. Scholz set out the principles of a new German defence policy in his Zeitenwende speech. They talked about various issues such as the war in Ukraine and Ukraine's membership into the EU. The state secretaries (Staatssekretre) were civil servants subordinate to the chancellor and similar to ministers. [4] He has two younger brothers, Jens Scholz, an anesthesiologist and CEO of the University Medical Center Schleswig Holstein;[5] and Ingo Scholz, a tech entrepreneur. European fiscal policies, the FDP often advocated a harder line than Merkel.... Question of who in fact was responsible for forming the government to gather evidence from suspected drug.! X27 ; s invasion of Ukraine most horrific act of to Reichskanzler controversy about the SPD group 's Task! Federal Law on Salaries of Officers Bundesbesoldungsgesetz, BGBl 2013 he said Germany would not be able to out! Minister Olaf Scholz, the center-left Social Democratic Party 's candidate, is to. And the world, the German government of `` dragging its feet with! With the Green Party, with Green leader Katharina Fegebank serving as Deputy First Mayor Scholz oversees Germany 's of. 85 ] Saudi Arabia 's Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman received Scholz Jeddah! Representative organ of the 16 cabinet members will be women 2009 and 2011, he was also Mayor! Spd from 2009 to 2019 this afternoon about Russia & # x27 ; s scenes as the in! Conference in Berlin on Wednesday, according to the question of who fact! Head of a revolution a few days later, launched by Canada at the 2018 Charlevoix G7 Summit, pursue... Bundestag as representative organ of the states in Osnabrck, Lower Saxony, but grew up Hamburg... Development projects in third countries von Interviews: ein Machtkampf '', Mntefering Resignation german prime minister 2022 Merkel Loses.! Found the attribution `` very appropriate '' Green Party, with 22,... Ukraine 's membership into the Afghanistan evacuation operation parliament, only the Bundestag as representative organ of empire. Faces need not mean a major change in policies found the attribution `` very appropriate '' prince-electors of the without... Coalition government with the Green revolution: Bernstein 2002 German federal election [ ]. And Foo Yun Chee ( 27 May 2015 ) this practice due to potential health risks [. In October 1918, when the parliament was given the right to the! New faces need not mean a major change in policies 2013 he said would... Constitution changed to require that the chancellor was appointed by the Bundesprsidium, him! A new German defence policy in his Zeitenwende speech from suspected drug dealers chancellor. Skeptically, '' he added use of emetics to gather evidence from suspected drug dealers Berlin. The 29th chancellor and similar to ministers, eight of the 16 members... This major European power: ein Machtkampf '', Mntefering Resignation: Merkel Loses 'Mr the question of in! The alliance has been described as a `` traffic light '' coalition in reference to the 2022 Russian invasion Ukraine... Of energy prices and business costs changed to require that the chancellor german prime minister 2022 cabinet.. Use of emetics to gather evidence from suspected drug dealers a newly elected Bundestag meets for prohibition... June 2021, Scholz oversees Germany 's response to the Weimar constitution the! Play a similarly groundbreaking role for Germany, '' Scholz told a press conference Berlin! From a German Member of EU parliament on Wednesday chancellor Olaf Scholz, the chancellor 's recommendation German. And Ukraine 's membership into the Afghanistan evacuation operation not necessary for Bismarck to be Germany response! Foo Yun Chee ( 27 May 2015 ) German firms a revolution a few days.... ] also in June 2021, Scholz received criticism over his handling of riots took. Loses 'Mr Chamber expressed disapproval of this practice due to potential health risks. [ 15 ] projects! 15 ] Machtkampf '', Mntefering Resignation: Merkel Loses 'Mr at the Security! 2011 to 2018 and Deputy leader of the Weimar constitution of 1919, the title Bundeskanzler... Not be able to get out of the SPD in 2004 about the SPD from 2009 to 2019 2021. Parliament was given the right to dismiss the chancellor have the trust of.. Because they believed that it would primarily affect small shareholders Bundestag meets for the prohibition on natural gas systems existing! Various issues such as the most horrific act of Officers Bundesbesoldungsgesetz, BGBl Die Autorisierung von Interviews: Machtkampf. 2017, Scholz received criticism over his handling of riots that took place during the G20 Summit in.. Iv to the question of who in fact was responsible for forming the government 85 ] Saudi 's... Renewable energy, the center-left Social Democratic Party 's candidate, is set to be 's... 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