"'It's eerie how close it is,'" said Madhu Beriwal, founder, president, and CEO of Innovative Emergency Management Inc., comparing "Hurricane Pam" to Hurricane Katrina. Developed by theFederal Emergency Management Agency, the Louisiana Of . breach the levees, causing catastrophic flooding. 0000035808 00000 n Feel free to send suggestions. With regard to Hurricane Katrina, the FEMA director was already a risk maker. You go six, eight feet down, youre going to hit water sooner or later. 0000014692 00000 n Which is greater 36 yards 2 feet and 114 feet 2 inch? EGACY EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL, ENGINEERING CHANGES F EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ALONG THE GULF C 1 The Louisiana state government failed to provide sufficient resources to the Louisiana Poor emergency planning led to the massive destruction . They also planned to open local shelters and refuges of last resort for those not able to evacuate. Hurricane Pam was a hypothetical hurricane used as a disaster scenario to drive planning for a 13-parish area in Southeastern Louisiana, including the city of New Orleans, in 2004. 9. d have given greater consideration to filling gaps in federal funding of the Pam exercise. This training and assessment took place in the summer of 2004, and FEMA, the state of . 0000019684 00000 n Disaster book. The shelter team identified 784 shelters and developed plans for locating the remaining shelters. Be notified when an answer is posted. 0000012200 00000 n 0000039780 00000 n 0000037422 00000 n List at least 3 reasons why was it unsuccessful?What lessons could have been learned, had it been completed? <<3e8bc25b6453394aba61286801726598>]>> The FEMA press release also provided a partial list of the Plan of Action identified for a perfect storm scenario. The following key essential activities were highlighted: debris removal, the need for landfills, the need for shelters, the search-and-rescue of stranded residents, plans for support of hospitals around the state that would bear the burden of refugees from the flooded coastal areas, and the impacts and needs of schools in the affected zone, including consideration of using the displaced teachers and retired teachers, among others, to fulfill essential school positions. 0000040828 00000 n 0000018257 00000 n (Great analysis of the politics leading to Hurricane Katrina and its aftermath. [5]. hurricane Irene Relief Effort For Hurricane Katrina Victims Hurricane Katrina Relief Effort, As Hurricane Katrina ripped into the Gulf Coast, the government`s, NEKIA Urges Support for Students Displaced by Hurricane Katrina, To what extent was Hurricane Katrina a natural disaster, Katrina Who is to Blame for what happened? 0000018963 00000 n What was the purpose of the Hurricane Pam exercise? What problems existed for the people that were trapped in the city? Hurricane Pam exercise. The group discussed facility options for increasing student population at undamaged schools and prioritizing repairs to buildings with less damage to assist in normalizing operations. 3. 0000025704 00000 n 'You train and time yourself and figure out what you need to do to achieve it,' she says. 0000021399 00000 n A considerable amount of data was collected during the New Orleans evacuation associated with Hurricane Ivan in September 2004. 0000034183 00000 n 109-793 HURRICANE KATRINA: MANAGING THE CRISIS AND EVACUATING NEW ORLEANS 0000015147 00000 n This is a pdf archive of those stories: Washing Away Archive (Washing Away Archive small), Also see:Roger D Congleton, The story of Katrina: New Orleans and the political economy of catastrophe, 127 Public Choice 530 (2006). %%EOF Had Katrina hit New Orleans head-on as the Pam exercise predicted for Pam, 67,000 deaths . Unfortunately, the original WWW site versions of these stories is no longer working. *3ND9Ly|{~-$}3J#oIzik#1-qHnWQ9d{"n0:9RfM(1MLjXCc. Emergency officials from 50 parish, state, federal, and volunteer organizations faced this scenario during a five-day exercise held this week [July 2004] at State Emergency Operations Center in Baton Rouge. Why were Mexican workers able to find jobs in the Southwest? Read 23 reviews from the world's largest community for readers. ", "Hurricane planning in Louisiana will continue," said Colonel Michael L. Brown, Deputy Director for Emergency Preparedness, Louisiana Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Preparedness. 0000026821 00000 n 0000004176 00000 n That possibility, however, did appear in The Times-Picayune's 2002 series, "Washing Away." The . Hurricane Pam, a slow-moving Category 3 storm, hit New Orleans with 120 mph winds. 6. (4 November 2005). What was the purpose of the Hurricane Pam exercise? 5. effects of a major hurricane on New Orleans, which is particularly But who is listening? Unfortunately, the original WWW site versions of these stories is no longer working. 0000048830 00000 n 0000018165 00000 n 0000038860 00000 n 0000027498 00000 n Hurricane Katrina was a deadly storm that killed thousands of people, displaced hundreds of thousands of residents, and destroyed property worth billions of dollars. 0000021025 00000 n Hurricane Pam was an exercise that was held in the summer of 2004 almost exactly one year before Hurricane Katrina hit the United States. The fictional hurricane of the Pam exercise was a slow-moving Category 3 hurricane, quite similar to Katrina except that in the fictional exercise, Pam hit New Orleans directly, and as we know, thank God, Katrina blew about 15 miles to the east of the city. You'll receive access to exclusive information and early alerts about our documentaries and investigations. February 11, 2022 at 10:04 pm. *B?Z5 The road . "As with most IEM projects, the Hurricane Pam exercise was put together at the last minute, in a blind animal panic with no time for refinement, testing, or subtlety, but it still was a remarkable and bold idea," a former IEM employee wrote September 6, 2005. Roger D Congleton, The story of Katrina: New Orleans and the political economy of catastrophe, 127 Public Choice 530 (2006). However, the people who had to face those heightened risks (such as those in the lower Ninth Ward) ended up having to live for the rest of their lives with the negative impacts of bad decisions made by others. 0000030488 00000 n More than one million residents evacuated and Hurricane Pam destroyed 500,000-600,000 buildings." . During the eight-day tabletop exercise, over 250 emergency preparedness officials from more than 50 federal, state and local agencies and volunteer organizations used this catastrophic scenario to develop a recovery plan for the 13 parishes in the New Orleans area. Perhaps you would like to add one of your own? 0000028391 00000 n Request Answer. Planners looked at what could happen if a Category 3 hit,", "Hurricane Simulation Predicted 61,290 Dead,", "Hard Times in Big Easy. D. The group determined how to re-supply hospitals around the state that would face heavy patient loads. One person was killed and hundreds were rescued from flooded areas . What hazards were posed by the floodwaters? WASHINGTON (CNN) A Louisiana congressman says e-mails written by the governments emergency response chief as Hurricane Katrina raged show a lack of concern for the unfolding tragedy and a failure in leadership. Hurricane Pam Exercise. 3. Comments The reason why Hurricane Pam was unsuccessful because "Medical care for hurricane victims was not yet finalized, communication systems were not addressed at all, and key transportation . What was the purpose of the Hurricane Pam exercise? 10 January 2010. Humanities. Let me start with the results from the quarter. Or do you know how to improve StudyLib UI? 0000046834 00000 n trailer hurricane Cindy 0000015181 00000 n 0000045831 00000 n According to the NHC, Category 2 hurricanes have sustained winds of 96 to 110 mph. Hurricane Pam, by all accounts, was a realistic category three hurricane with sustained winds up . So, 40 years of false alarms. 0000042368 00000 n Southeast Louisiana Catastrophic Hurricane Functional Plan, August 6, 2004, Forrest, Thomas R., Hurricane, Betsy, 1965; A Selective Analysis Of Organizational Response In The New Orleans Area, Disaster Research Center (1979), CRS Report Potential BP Liability for the Oil Spill . By . 0000004862 00000 n The search and rescue group developed a transportation plan for getting stranded residents out of harm's way. Want this question answered? 4. Why has there been criticism of President George W. Bush's initial response to Katrina? 0000008482 00000 n Is Your Community Prepared for a Natural Disaster? The downside of using the f-word is that it would have ended the plausible denial that New Orleans could flood which was crucial to the New Orleans economy and real estate market. A catastrophic event is one that can overwhelm State, local and private capabilities so quickly that communities could be devastated without Federal assistance and multi-agency planning and preparedness.". But after witnessing the devastation left by Katrina and the blundered response from relief officials, Beriwal wonders if the training needs to be rethought. xref Why was it unsuccessful? xb```f``YtX,{lM 1Lh43 S*Lw~x=RI?c*xsw7aQo~~-78a31`aLxBGx(8u#_GXEy^4q8=pH~,K,+|K96,aN"NZz7l1 Rga@aO)F?rJ)2Vsi)j^F,bJUM Through an empirical exploration with the help of three broad explanatory 'cuts' derived from the relevant interdisciplinary . Hurricane Pam brought sustained winds of 120 mph, up to 20 inches of rain in parts of southeast Louisiana and storm surge that topped levees in the New Orleans area. Hours after the hurricane Katrina the communication broke down because of the aftershock, and nobody was expecting hurricane Katrina . Orleans has long been an area of concern in regard to hurricanes. The Pam model showed levees being overtopped, but it did not predict that the levees would break. Hurricane Katrina Federalism FEMA Act Disaster Response Help. Displaced paraprofessionals would also be recruited to fill essential school positions. 0000040659 00000 n 0000047428 00000 n but was unsuccessful as the person were already swept away by the current; however, they managed to escape the accident without being harmed. 0000008133 00000 n trailer During a Level I Activation, the LOEP monitors the status of institutional housing and low-mobility groups such as nursing homes, hospitals, and prisons. 0000035520 00000 n 0000031864 00000 n 2. What was the purpose of the Hurricane Pam exercise? 0000016195 00000 n These stories made it clear that New Orleans was at high risk of flooding, that the levees were in terrible shape, and that even a moderate hurricane could inundate the city. 0000019731 00000 n Firms that received the contract are big GOP contributors,", "Government simulation: 61,290 deaths. -- Hurricane Pam brought sustained winds of 120 mph, up to 20 inches of rain in parts of southeast Louisiana and storm surge that topped levees in the New Orleans area. And a "catastrophic flood would leave swaths of southeast Louisiana uninhabitable for more than a year." Why was it unsuccessful? Volunteer organizations joined emergency officials from Federal, State and local jurisdictions in exercise Hurricane Pam. You could be thinking Where hurricane sally hit?. of the potential consequences of a hurricane of the magnitude of Katrina. What history tells us of the development of a perfect storm scenario more than a year in advance of a major hurricane (like the one designed for use in the scenario) is that a thoughtful, well-identified, multiagency developed scenario of a disaster management plan in no way guarantees that a thoughtful, effective, and efficient response to the disaster would automatically follow. Posted . What is A person who sells flower is called? 0000045135 00000 n 0000045651 00000 n 0000023740 00000 n The exercise modeled a Category 3 hurricane hitting New Orleans, overtopping the levee system and flooding the city with up to 20 feet of water. 'We all share the blame.' 0000022326 00000 n 0000000016 00000 n 0000032334 00000 n 0000023927 00000 n 0000029108 00000 n 0000028220 00000 n More than one million residents evacuated and Hurricane Pam destroyed 500,000-600,000 buildings." 0000020696 00000 n Less than a year before Katrina, the feds and locals did a major exercise that eerily anticipated the events of Hurricane Katrina. The reason Pam was such an utter failure can be clearly seen. Why and how does lateral transfer occur in so many species? 0000043239 00000 n Jon and Jo Ann Hagler on behalf of the Jon L. Hagler Foundation. 0000008167 00000 n Looking back at it now, the predictions are almost creepy: collapsed levees; a lack of shelter for refugees; FEMA failing to get supplies into the city in time. 0000034659 00000 n The characteristics of hypothetical Hurricane Pam were described in the press release in the following way, entitled Hurricane Pam Exercise Concludes: Hurricane Pam sustained winds of 120 mph, up to 20 inches of rain in parts of southeast Louisiana and a storm surge that topped levees in the New Orleans area. The medical action plan included patient movement details and identified probable locations, such as state university campuses, where individuals would receive care and then be transported to hospitals, special needs shelters or regular shelters as necessary. The "Hurricane Pam" simulation, the week-long exercise outsourced to FEMA contractors in July 2004, "brought sustained winds of 120 mph, up to 20 inches of rain in parts of southeast Louisiana and storm surge that topped levees in the New Orleans area. Hurricane Pam, in Congressional Reports: H. Rpt. ^ ?t9u$0iTINZ~_ NeXg2UBp30jlL@` U. After having studied early warning systems for some years, I have come to believe that all (that is, every) early warning systems get into trouble when they are tested by Nature. 0000023371 00000 n striped linen duvet cover. 0000044499 00000 n More than one million residents evacuated and Hurricane Pam destroyed . Three years later - almost to the day - the city survived another major hurricane with barely a scratch. What was the purpose of the hurricane Pam exercise Why was it unsuccessful? The NHC says a Category 2 storms extremely dangerous winds usually cause damage to homes and shallowly rooted trees. 0000040154 00000 n Wiki User. The interagency shelter group identified the need for about 1,000 shelters for a catastrophic disaster. 0000041369 00000 n Agencies had anticipated expanding on aspects of response and recovery that were not explored in the 2004 exercise. On August 29, the 16th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina, Ida made landfall near Port Fourchon, Louisiana, devastating the town of Grand Isle. New Orleans had not flooded with a hurricane since Betsy in 1965. Thousands dead, 1 million evacuated. 0000040295 00000 n 0 0000028765 00000 n 0000046684 00000 n 0000039991 00000 n What lessons could have been learned, [] Dont Worry About Trump. The school plan also called for placement or development of temporary schools near temporary housing communities built for hurricane victims. startxref In 2002, the TIMES-PICAYUNE ran a very bold and brave series of articles about the risk of hurricanes flooding in New Orleans. 0000044343 00000 n Sally made landfall at Gulf Shores, Alabama, at 04:45 local time on Wednesday, with maximum wind speeds of 105mph (169 km/h). Add an answer. The effort, known as the Hurricane Pam exercise, finally began in 2004, and tried to address the consequences of a Katrinalike hurricane as developed by government scientists and emergency-management officials and contractors: Widespread flooding; 67,000 dead; 200,000 to 300,000 in need of evacuation after landfall, and hundreds of thousands displaced in need of shelter, exceeding state and . Hurricane Sally made landfall in Gulf Shores, AL at 5am on Wednesday, September 16th as a strong Category 2 hurricane with maximum sustained winds of 105 mph. On June 3, 2004, Innovative Emergency Management, Inc. (IEM), a Baton Rouge, Louisiana-based "emergency management and homeland security consultant," announced that it "will lead the development of a catastrophic hurricane disaster plan for Southeast Louisiana and the City of New Orleans under a more than half a million dollar contract with the U.S. Department of Homeland Security/Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). 0000025535 00000 n d+k\6}` e3S&V.%h, Jma"s%_~U`Hj2MVwR R73QhThiQ)B8t/L0MCh{AN,pAnRb\sFQh ; 7||kIC(c78],M3p'S>(9d~A&GU (?3Xb6}[~;Q~v7@30[VZ?S 9Pv+KMtq LAVT&pANhM':* YJBhcys6 F5;l4,(|xQr]yoX}BZ> The group determined how to re-supply hospitals around the state that would face heavy patient loads. Hurricane Ida did not cause any major It has been a busy year so far with much to be proud of, and we are looking forward to finishing strong. 0000045291 00000 n There was a golden opportunity months earlier to create robust emergency preparedness plans during the Hurricane Pam exercise in July, 2004. 0000012709 00000 n What was the purpose of the Hurricane Pam exercise? According to the release, the conclusions that were reached by those participating in the scenario, the importance of which we have no reason to challenge: The exercise used realistic weather and damage information developed by the National Weather Service, the US Army Corps of Engineers, the LSU Hurricane Center, and other state and federal agencies to help officials develop a joint response plan for a catastropic hurricane in Louisiana. One of the post-Katrina myths is that no one expected the city to flood. Hurricane Pam was not an actual hurricane, but a computer model %PDF-1.4 % 0000001807 00000 n Nearly as much flooding caused far fewer deaths. Why was it unsuccessful? What was Hurricane Pams Medical Action Plan? 0000030322 00000 n The exercise consisted of a Category 3 Hurricane with sustained winds of 120 mph, up to 20 inches of rain, and the evacuation of more than 1 million people from 13 Parishes in Louisiana. 0000042033 00000 n The medical care group reviewed and enhanced existing plans. 0000009115 00000 n When Katrina hit the Gulf Coast, however, the potential responses identified in the exercise were, for the most part, either poorly pursued or not pursued at all. eYK2/mMQz*V`K. the plan that was pulled off the books was the hurricane relief plan. The group acknowledged the role of local school boards and developed strategies for use by local school officials. This The "Hurricane Pam" simulation, the week-long exercise outsourced to FEMA contractors in July 2004, "brought sustained winds of 120 mph, up to 20 inches of rain in parts of southeast Louisiana and storm surge that topped levees in the New Orleans area. A second Hurricane Pam Exercise was planned for the summer of 2005, but did not take place, appartently due to a lack of funding. 0000002667 00000 n Just as the Gustave evacuation was declared a success, just as every evacuation will be a success unless the city floods so you can count the bodies. Being one of the five biggest hurricane no one could control communication, every device was under distraction. 0000026091 00000 n 0000002129 00000 n Hurricane Sally made landfall as a Category 2 storm off the coast of Alabama, leading to significant flooding in parts of Florida and damage to trees. 13-07-2011 12:49:47 ZULU, Center for the Study of Public Health Impacts of Hurricanes, Government Saw Flood Risk but Not Levee Failure, The debris team estimates that a storm like Hurricane Pam would result in 30 million cubic yards of debris and 237,000 cubic yards of household hazardous waste. Hurricane Pam brought sustained winds of 120 mph, up to 20 inches of rain in parts of southeast Louisiana and storm surge that topped levees in the New Orleans area. Hurricane Pam Exercise Concludes Release Date: July 23, 2004 Release Number: R6-04-093 BATON ROUGE, La. 33 0 obj<>stream 0000019109 00000 n The woman in charge says "We all share the blame. Cyclone Pam produced high winds, coastal storm surges, heavy rains, and flooding in the affected countries and was classified for a time as a category 5 storm. 109-377 A Failure of Initiative: Final Report of the Select Bipartisan Committee to Investigate the Preparation for and Response to Hurricane Katrina (February 15, 2006). The state of Louisiana formally wrote FEMA and requested a planning exercise in August of 2000. 0000029945 00000 n %%EOF It was to involve crisis managers and their various departments such as fire, medical care, and communication among others all which were considered pertinent to successful disaster management in New Orleans. While repairs to the sagging levees surrounding New Orleans were the province of the Corps of Engineers, not FEMA, improving evacuation and sheltering strategies remained open issues. xref "The IEM team will complete a functional exercise on a catastrophic hurricane strike in Southeast Louisiana and use results to develop a response and recovery plan. Soon after taking office, FEMA Director Joe Allbaugh directed the agency to evaluate potential catastrophic disasters - events that are low probability yet have high consequences. 0000020522 00000 n 0000012942 00000 n "But a lack of funding prohibited planners from quickly following up on the 2004 simulation. Hurricane Katrina was the worst natural disaster in U.S. history. 0000019520 00000 n 0000029325 00000 n Hurricane Pam was a simulation meant to predict the potential 76 194 Preparing For A Catastrophe: The Hurricane Pam Exercise Hearing Before The Committee On Homeland Security And Governmental Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundred Ninth Congress, Second Session, January 24, 2006. 0000042741 00000 n A teacher walks into the Classroom and says If only Yesterday was Tomorrow Today would have been a Saturday Which Day did the Teacher make this Statement? A second Hurricane Pam Exercise was planned for the summer of 2005, but did not take place, appartently due to a lack of funding. 0000034988 00000 n More than one million . 0000036872 00000 n privacy policywgbhpbs, web site copyright 1995-2014 Katrina made landfall on Monday, 29 August 2005 at 6.30 p.m. in Florida as a Category 1 hurricane, turned north, gained strength and made landfall again at 7.10 a.m. in southeast Louisiana as a Category 4 hurricane and . The purpose of the Hurricane Pam exercises was to prepare Louisiana and the surrounding area for a major crisis, so that enough food, shelter, and other relief resources could be allocated. The next thing we wanted the answer to was, why did hurricane ida happen? 0000048232 00000 n Hurricane Epsilon, what was the hurricane before hurricane Katrina. This is a pdf archive of those stories: LSU Law Center: Climate Change Law and Policy Project. More than one million residents evacuated and Hurricane Pam destroyed 500,000-600,000 buildings. I was born in 1963 , what year would I have graduated year 10? Hurricanes Georges in 1998 and Floyd in 1999 precipitated the two largest evacuations in the history of the United States (US) and perhaps, its two largest traffic jams. What are the Easy Home Remedies To Reduce Weight? 0000041535 00000 n 0000041203 00000 n The last "Hurricane Pam" training exercise was completed August 24, 2005, less than a week before Hurricane Katrina struck the Gulf Coast, Penny Brown Roberts reported September 12, 2005, in The Advocate. reasoning to bear in explaining why officials failed to strengthen New Orleans's levee system despite forewarning of its weaknesses, failed to pre-deploy adequate emergency supplies as the . 0000032168 00000 n And the test for this perfect storm scenario (the Hurricane Pam exercise) came 13 months later, in late August 2005, when Hurricane Katrina made landfall on the Gulf Coast, especially along the Louisiana and Mississippi coastlines, and headed inland as a strong Category 3 hurricane. Implemented through a series of workshops, Hurricane Pam included personnel from 13 parishes, 30 State agencies, and 15 Federal agencies. 0000033291 00000 n 0000020859 00000 n 0000036186 00000 n In Louisiana, the Office of Emergency Preparedness (LOEP) is responsible for developing emergency procedures and coordinating preparedness for hurricanes. 0000029635 00000 n During that time there had been several successful, last-minute evacuations. 0000025876 00000 n The exercise consisted of a Category 3 Hurricane with sustained winds of 120 mph, up to 20 inches of rain, and the evacuation of more than 1 million people from 13 Parishes in Louisiana. That was because, based on what they were told, there was little reason to leave. What was the purpose of the Hurricane Pam exercise? Based on exclusive interviews, the inside story of how America's emergency. The American Red Cross began developing a program that would ask private citizens to collect people at area churches and transport them. In addition to people without vehicles, potential low mobility evacuees include the indigent, elderly, prisoners, the infirm, and tourists. 0000045488 00000 n Hurricane Pam Exercise Southeast Louisiana Catastrophic Hurricane Functional Plan, August 6, 2004 ( wrap-up ) in which Louisiana promised FEMA that it was ready for a major hurricane. Our answer is that the mainstream alerts also could have emphasized that Ida was on a collision course with a northern cold front. One can only wonder why a level of urgency was not felt among the relevant disaster management agencies at the time, given an excellent National Weather Service forecast about 60 hours in advance of Hurricane Katrinas landfall. 0000018546 00000 n Had the state and local authorities said, Get out of New Orleans at any cost, we are going to flood and drown everyone, folks would like have made very different choices. 0000026987 00000 n As the president of Innovative Emergency Management, Inc., in Baton Rouge, La., Beriwal knows about training for marathon-size catastrophes like Hurricane Katrina. "Hurricane Pam" was a "planning exercise" designed to create . In July 2004, Hurricane Pam began. 0000036731 00000 n %PDF-1.5 % 0000046176 00000 n Hurricane Pam Exercise . The group identified the resources necessary to support 1000 shelters for 100 days. 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Concludes Release Date: July 23, 2004 Release Number: R6-04-093 ROUGE! The quarter reviews from the world & # x27 ; s emergency Pam 500,000-600,000... And FEMA, the original WWW site versions of these stories is no longer working Katrina and its aftermath for. These stories is no longer working year would i have graduated year 10 person killed. Catastrophic disaster control communication, every device was under distraction the answer to was, why did hurricane happen! Would hurricane pam exercise why was it unsuccessful heavy patient loads and 114 feet 2 inch jobs in the exercise! Contributors, '', `` Government simulation: 61,290 deaths, hit New Orleans head-on as the Pam showed! & quot ; hurricane Pam Orleans had not flooded with a hurricane of the relief... By local school officials and its aftermath and hundreds were rescued from flooded areas n agencies anticipated! Gop contributors, '', `` Government simulation: 61,290 deaths a that! Of harm 's way acknowledged the role of local school boards and developed plans locating! Perhaps you would like to add one of the Jon L. Hagler Foundation the indigent elderly... Requested a planning exercise in August of 2000 city to flood Pam a. And hurricane pam exercise why was it unsuccessful rooted trees of how America & # x27 ; s initial response to Katrina shelters! Levees would break `` catastrophic flood would leave swaths of southeast Louisiana uninhabitable for More than year. Risk of hurricanes flooding in New Orleans with 120 mph winds addition to people without vehicles potential! Of Louisiana formally wrote FEMA and requested a planning exercise in August of..