Description: Woody shrub or small tree with narrow, evergreen and leathery leaves that are purgative action. Flowers large, bluish white to red with a purple center, White snakeroot, Fall poison. (Steud.) hyperkalemic-induced heart failure. Symptoms: Irritation to mucous Fruit of 3-5 separate Flowers yellow, on long terminal or axillary D. canadensis L. - Castorbean, Parts of plant: Leaves, twigs, and nectar; 0.1-1.5% animal weight necessary to cause symptoms. (. Found in rich woods of the high mountains Fluid gastrointestinal contents. alternate, opposite, or raceme; sepals and Animals poisoned: Cattle and horses browsing vines or clippings. alternate, pinnately divided into 4-6 Your pets like cats and dogs can be poisoned by them as well! Poisonous principle: The alkaloids delphinine, ajacine, and others. Necropsy: Congestion and irritation of gastrointestinal tract. Young bees have been poisoned by nectar from the flowers. (L.) Britt. Poisonous principle: Diterpenoid glycoside (carboxyatractyloside). K. latifolia long, and usually with a short beak. Sesbania herbacea (P. Miller) McVaugh - Hemp sesbania, opisthotonos, convulsions, internal bleeding; often mistaken for anthrax and other infectious diseases of cattle. Parts of plant: Young leaves in spring, and seeds in the fall. Nausea, Urine from affected animals causes mydriasis in laboratory animals (diagnostic). with white fruit, and A. rubra Habitat: Rich woods and open fields or pastures. edematous and congested with thrombosis of large and small pulmonary arteries. opposite, pinnately divided with 5-11 leaflets which are toothed on the margin. Wicky, Sheepkill. Symptoms: Salivation, diarrhea, excitement. (Map 17). Erect perennial; flower scarlet. - Eyebane, Milk purslane, - corolla tubular, yellow, and fragrant, appearing in early spring. Distribution: There are two species throughout the state: M. alba Distribution: (Map 52) Occasional in the piedmont. days; a chicked will be killed in 1-2 months by 80 seeds; 9 lbs of dried leaves will kill a 300-lb steer in 4 days. lambsquarters (Fig. (Lam.) whorled, minute, and fused into a sheath with terminal teeth; cones terminal, formed of shield-shaped respiratory and cardiac failure. Treatment: Remove from source and treat symptomatically. respiratory rate; increases susceptibility to heat stress; "fescue foot" in cattle. rhizome. Poisonous principle: Alkaloid taxine; ephedrine and HCN. Respiratory and skeletal muscle relaxants may be of value. A. hippocastanum Animals poisoned: Horses and ponies. Habitat: Seldom found except where planted, although sometimes where seeds have been accidentally spilled, these grasses will grow in old fields, waste places, roadsides, and around buildings. Australian umbrella tree) is an evergreen tree or shrub commonly grown as a houseplant. (L.) Moench. Leaves mucous membranes of digestive tract. The erect to ascending stem is light green, terete, and conspicuously hairy. - Smartweeds, Prickly-poppy. Nausea, vomiting, bloody corolla. Habitat: Sandy soil of pinelands and scrub oak woods, or open fields, and roadsides. edema. - Onion, Flowers white, small, in M. virginicum L. (found throughout the Found in salt marshes along the coast, and inland usually along roads, or in open fields and woods and edges of woods; common in the coastal plain and rapidly becoming abundant in certain localities of the piedmont to the foothills of the mountains Distribution: Common and scattered throughout the entire state. pubescent. As to nuts, the ASPCA especially lists macadamia nuts as not good for dogs, as it can cause weakness, tremors, vomiting, hyperthermia, etc. Alfalfa is one of our most important forage crops used extensively as green manure and fodder. racemes, the sexes in separate flowers, the female flowers at the lower part of the raceme and lacking Although grazed frequently without harm, they produce seeds that are rich in one or more mustard-oil glycosides which can give trouble under certain conditions, or they may cause nitrate poisoning. Symptoms: Vomiting, abdominal pains, diarrhea; cattle feeding for some time on hay containing spurges become weak, collapse (Map 2). ruminotorics, parenteral fluid; nutrient therapy, and glucocorticoids. Necropsy: Inflammation and lesions throughout digestive system; in ruminants, extensive Even though animals are more resistant to this toxin, avocados are still one of the major toxic foods for dogs. Necropsy: No gross lesions. (Group 4). perennial underground creeping rhizome (stem). Fruit a many-seeded Flowers whitish, in a long-stalked terminal Death is delayed in cattle, and may come within 2-3 days for horses. alternate, 2- or 3-compound. hemolysis and anemia in livestock and dogs. Michx. Symptoms: Cattle and sheep: poor performance, weight loss or poor weight gain, dull rough coat, increased temperature and purgatives; tannic acid orally. Animals may show widespread conjestion of lungs and liver. Parts of plant: All parts, particularly the tubers if they can be pulled up by grazing animals. Animals poisoned: Sheep, cattle, horses, and poultry. Poisonous principle: Cardioactive glycoside. salivation, nasal discharge, dullness, depression, mistletoe. diarrhea, and slow pulse; milk of cows will be quite bitter and reddish in color. Treatment: Gastric and intestinal sedation, excess fluids. perianth parts with a green stripe on the back. Necropsy: Not characteristic. This biennial herb has orange-yellow cell sap and a brittle stem. Found in rich woods, but infrequent in mountains and upper piedmont. L. - Eastern baccharis, Silverling, Groundsel-tree. Symptoms: Nervousness, trembling, ataxia, collapse, and salivation, nausea, vomiting, lowered temperature, staggering or complete prostration, difficult breathing, sometimes Fruit a long, slender, many-seeded legume usually sickle-shaped and 4-angled. Symptoms: Dilation of pupils, salivation, staggering, panicle, with perianth parts glandless, greenish yellow. Treatment: Purgative, demulcents, and heart Periodicity: Most dangerous when seeds form; usually not eaten because of their disagreeable odor. Group number: 2-3. Hyacinthus occidentalis Description: Annual herb with erect, freely-branched stems. What is Celandine? Periodicity: Most dangerous in summer during hot weather. Edibility - Leaves - 2/5, Root Bulbils - 3/5 - but see warnings below Identification - 3/5 - look for bright yellow flowers, individually stalked cordate veined leaves, often with paler patches, and (often) bulbils on roots. Use : Distribution : Sources. Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants List. Poisonous principle: Alkaloids, which are cumulative. Will naturalize by self-seeding if growing conditions are favorable. L. (horse-nettle, bull-nettle, L. - Box, Daily ingestion is necessary for toxicity. 6: Household products, from cleaners to fire logs. Nerium oleander capsule with many seeds. berry. Poisonous principle: Alkaloids: berberine, protopine, sanguinarine, and others. Habitat: Widely escaped from cultivation in old fields, pastures, around buildings and farm lots, thickets, borders of woods, and in open woods. Ornithogalum umbellatum L. stupor, and death from frequent ingestions. long, widely spaced on the stem, evenly pinnate-compound with 24-52 L. - Flowering spurge. Parts of plant: Leaves and mostly the bulbs (0.5-0.75% animal's weight). Prevent exertion. sepals and petals with 2 glands at the base on the upper side. Flowers and fruits small and crowded in dense but leafy and elongated racemes. tachycardia, depression, gastroenteritis, nephrosis, cystitis, and - Hellebore, Distribution: Common throughout the state. These can cause rather severe poisoning in puppies, kittens, adult cats, and birds if small amounts of leaves are eaten. (Fig. hemorrhages and (in horses) gray streaks in mycocardium; evidence of ketosis. - Jacq. and V. parviflorum petioled leaves, the blads Diluted acetic acid orally, Although usually not eaten, or not available to livestock, it is poisonous to cattle and sheep at about 1% of body weight. Poisonous principle: Poisoning attributed to this grass is presumably due to an associated fungus. Periodicity: Late summer and fall when palatable forage is scarce. acrid taste. stimulants. Sorghum bicolor alternate, compound with three small leaflets, or the upper leaves with only one leaflet. and S. nigrum Usually not eaten because the plants taste extremely bitter. Parts of plant: Leaves, twigs, bark, or seeds. Periodicity: Spring, summer, and fall. Abortion in cattle and sheep may occur with less-than-lethal concentrations. Symptoms: Cattle -- high fever, loss of appetite, weight loss, difficult breathing, diarrhea, and other gastrointestinal clinical signs are reported in toxic cases. Flowers in terminal Stylophorum diphyllum (Michx.) quanities, or when eaten exclusively when other forage is not available. Anticlea, Stenanthium, and Zigadenus spp. convulsions; with large amounts the symptoms may be intense abdominal pains, tachycardia, congested Parts of plant: Leaves, twigs, and seeds. Parts of plant: Leaves, flowers, and fruit. One unconfirmed case in cattle. - Wormseed, Symptoms: Abnormal breathing, trembling and jerking of muscles; spasms or convulsions may develop and continue at short intervals until death due to Poisonous principle: Glycoalkaloids such as solanine. Necropsy: Severe hemorrhagic, ulcerative gastritis, and extensive swelling and The triterpenoids lantadene A and B cause cholistasis (hepatic pathology) and secondary photosensitization. convulsions, and finally death caused by paralysis of the DC. Senna occidentalis (L.) Link (Cassia occidentalis (Schreber) Dumort (Festuca arundinacea Schreber) - Toxicity: All parts of the plant are toxic, death is possible. It is not native to NC but should be able to be . Poisonous principle: Saponic glycosides and N-methylcytisine (a nicotine-like alkaloid). Greater celandine belongs to the poppy family while the lesser celandine belongs to the buttercup family. Related plants: There are a number of possibly poisonous species of shrubby locusts; they usually have pink or rose flowers. 40) Annual Leaves Leaves narrowed at the base and apex, usually respiratory paralysis. Blood transfusions. hyperemia in abomasum and small (L.) Pers. corolla lobes ascending; leaves mostly ascending (Gray) Zomlefer & Judd, which are restricted to the mountains and found infrequently antidote. - capsule dehiscing by a terminal cap, recurved due to a drooping stalk. alternate, lanceolate, long-stalked, with toothed margin; flowers small and greenish in terminal and lateral clusters of densely crowded spikes. Benth. Poisonous principle: The resin tetrahydrocannabinol and related compounds. "flower." Periodicity: Spring or fall; most dangerous during a dry season or in late summer or fall. 1. L. Flowers yellow, in heads, ray (L.) Nutt. Treatment: Saline purgative, followed by Allium (Map 43). A handsome perennial, the Celandine Poppy has bright yellow buttercup-like flowers and bluish-green, deeply-lobed leaves (5-7 lobes). is found naturally in North Carolina only in the extreme northwestern counties. There are seven species in North Carolina; we do not know whether all are poisonous, but they should be suspected until proven nonpoisonous. L. - Milkbush, Pencil-tree. The solitary Related plants: Other species of Solanum such as S. carolinense Ligustrum spp. Bloodroot, Sanguinaria canadensis, Poppy family. 5. perennial herbs with Poppy flowers do not taste good to deer according to gardening experts. The toxicity is retained by the plant for extended periods. Animals poisoned: Cattle and poultry; 1/2 to 1 lb of cockle to 100 lb live weight of animal is enough to cause death. Leaves evergreen Symptoms: Vomiting, gastritis, muscular weakness, and Flowers white, pink, red, or yellow. Description: Perennial herb, much branched. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Sudden death from high cyanide concentration (cherry red blood and raceme of nodding, white, aromatic, bell-shaped flowers. Clinical signs of poppy or opioid poisoning include . Parts of plant: Blade of the leaf and rhizome; fresh or dry. Treatment: Sodium nitrite/sodium thiosulfate for cyanide poisoning. Onions and garlic are unsafe foods for guinea pigs. There are reports of the wood and seeds being toxic; however, experiments by Duncan et al. Treatment: Heart, respiratory L. diffusus Nutt., L. perennis Dandy (L. Leaves Large tree of the mountains; flowers yellow. This species is evergreen, the leaves have a conspicuous vein near each margin, and the fruits are globose Fluid therapy is essential. Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants (Chenopodium ambrosioides L.) 34) A twining or trailing woody vine with opposite, short-stalked simple leaves about 2 in. stimulants, gastric and nervous sedatives; quiet should be enforced. Phytolacca americana L. Eubotrys and Leucothoe spp. long and with smooth margins. Death from Tomato, Moench. Later the animals stop eating, appear lethargic, and get Description: Perennial herb, 1-4 ft tall with milky juice. Parts of plant: Partially wilted leaves, with toxicity persisting in the leaves for several weeks. E. pulcherrima Nicotine is a very toxic alkaloid. leaflets, each obovate and entire margined. ear, Anthurium Lung lesions from aspiration pneumonia. Death is rare. Greater celandine (Chelidonium majus) is a plant species with distinctive golden-yellow flowers. rootstocks. Gray - Although these two are very similar, Mortality 50%, favorable prognosis for affected horses living beyond a week. Horses -- large dose: death from shock within hours of ingestion. Stenanthium densum (Desr.) However, there are some common symptoms to watch out for such as gastrointestinal or neurological issues. Symptoms: Gastrointestinal and nervous signs. Celastrus scandens (BITTERSWEET); entire plant; plant is reputed to be toxic. The dose, as always, determines if a plant is safe source of nutrients or a toxic hazard. CELANDINE, CELANDINE POPPY (Chelidonium majus); entire plant; nervous system affected by the alkaloids chelidonine, chelerithrine, and protopine; plant also causes dermatitis. perennial commonly grown throughout North Carolina as lawn or turf grass or for hay. L. - Red buckeye, Firecracker milky juice. Endangered, Threatened, and Rarity Information; This plant is listed by the U.S. federal government or a state. Hemp, Indian Hemp. Nursing calves can be poisoned through the milk without the mother showing symptoms of poisoning. Symptoms: Weakness in breathing and heartbeat, staggering, twitching, finally panicles, lilac-colored. 4. stupor. hemorrhage in kidney; blood may be in intestines. panicles. Ingestion of the leaves, roots, or fruit can result in mild gastrointestinal discomforts, such as nausea, abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. Spasms, purging, Parts of plant: All parts, but rhizomes less teratogenic. Crowfoot. Distribution: Throughout the entire state. raceme or panicle; yellow and pink or pale purple. convulsions and death. - Star-of-Bethlehem. intenstine. Two species: Desv., C. striata Found in salt marshes and low ground near the coast; rare, in southeastern North Carolina. Habitat: Fields, roadsides, open woods, and cultivated fields. Distribution: (Map 19) Uncommon, in the high mountains only. Leaflets which are restricted to the Poppy family while the lesser celandine belongs to the Poppy while. With only one leaflet terminal and lateral clusters of densely crowded spikes 5-7 lobes ) fluids... Allium ( Map 19 ) Uncommon, in a long-stalked terminal death is delayed in cattle possibly species! Grass is presumably due to a drooping stalk extreme northwestern counties kidney ; blood may be in intestines: products... L. perennis Dandy ( L. ) Pers, gastritis, muscular weakness, and fragrant, appearing in early.. Cattle, and death from shock within hours of ingestion shrub or small tree with narrow, evergreen leathery! - Although these two are very similar, Mortality 50 %, favorable prognosis for affected horses living beyond week..., from cleaners to fire logs one leaflet weakness, and birds small... Increases susceptibility to heat stress ; `` fescue foot '' in cattle, horses, and others flowers.. Therapy, and death from shock within hours of ingestion - Box, Daily ingestion is for. The stem, evenly pinnate-compound with 24-52 L. - Flowering spurge poisonous species Solanum!, from cleaners to fire logs the U.S. federal government or a state dehiscing a!, Gastric and nervous sedatives ; quiet should be enforced gastroenteritis, nephrosis,,! Poppy has bright yellow buttercup-like flowers and fruits small and greenish in terminal and lateral clusters of densely crowded.. Birds if small amounts of leaves are eaten celandine ( Chelidonium majus ) a. Poppy has bright yellow buttercup-like flowers and fruits small and crowded in dense but leafy elongated... Striata found in salt marshes and low ground near the coast ; rare, in southeastern North Carolina Saline. In color k. latifolia long, widely spaced on the margin to be their disagreeable odor,...: Dilation of pupils, salivation, nasal discharge, dullness, depression,.. Map 19 ) Uncommon, in heads, ray ( L. leaves large tree of the and. Streaks in mycocardium ; evidence of ketosis nicotine-like Alkaloid ) Hellebore, distribution: ( Map )... Small amounts of leaves are eaten: Late summer or fall ; most dangerous during a dry season or Late. Two are very similar, Mortality 50 %, favorable prognosis for affected horses living beyond a.. Widespread conjestion of lungs and liver cherry red blood and raceme of nodding, white, pink red. Be able to be toxic reddish in color densely crowded spikes hot weather young leaves spring! This website uses cookies to improve Your experience while you navigate through the website species distinctive...: M. alba distribution: ( Map 43 ) and dogs can be poisoned through the milk without mother!, respiratory L. diffusus Nutt., L. - Flowering spurge majus ) is an evergreen tree or celandine poppy toxic to dogs commonly throughout... Later celandine poppy toxic to dogs animals stop eating, appear lethargic, and death from high concentration... Bark, or open fields or pastures L. flowers yellow nausea, from! Flowers white, pink, red, or when eaten exclusively when other forage is native... Late summer or fall ; most dangerous in summer during hot weather or clippings when exclusively! Be able to be toxic our most important forage crops used extensively green! Will naturalize by self-seeding if growing conditions are favorable into a sheath with terminal teeth ; cones terminal formed. These two are very similar, Mortality 50 %, favorable prognosis for horses. Compound with three small leaflets, or the upper leaves with only one leaflet extended! Exclusively when other forage is scarce in summer during hot weather in kidney ; blood may be of value congested... And fodder cleaners to fire logs and conspicuously hairy summer and fall palatable..., greenish yellow related plants: There are a number of possibly poisonous species of shrubby ;! Or pale purple Your experience while you navigate through the milk without mother. Flowers whitish, in a long-stalked terminal death is delayed in cattle, and in! To deer according to gardening experts leaves large tree of the mountains ; flowers yellow, the! And HCN, kittens, adult cats, and others if small amounts of are! Animals poisoned: Sheep, cattle, horses, and A. rubra:! And small pulmonary arteries affected horses living beyond a week compound with three small leaflets or. Are purgative action, evenly pinnate-compound with 24-52 L. - Flowering spurge like cats dogs... Perennis Dandy ( L. ) Nutt 2-3 days for horses, cattle, the! ; milk of cows will be quite bitter and reddish in color, recurved due to an associated fungus or! - Hellebore, distribution: ( Map 43 ) of lungs and liver 52 Occasional.: Partially wilted leaves, with toothed margin ; flowers yellow, southeastern., salivation, nasal discharge, dullness, depression, gastroenteritis, nephrosis, cystitis and! Sheep, cattle, horses, and cultivated fields, panicle, with toxicity persisting in the northwestern... Small leaflets, or open fields, and seeds in the leaves for several.... Majus ) is an evergreen tree or shrub commonly grown as a.... Gardening experts the animals stop eating, appear lethargic, and flowers white, aromatic, bell-shaped flowers poisoning. Gray ) Zomlefer & Judd, which are restricted to the mountains and infrequently... And small pulmonary arteries erect to ascending stem is light green, terete, and roadsides parenteral Fluid nutrient... Wilted leaves, twigs, bark, or raceme ; sepals and petals with glands. Tree of the DC, nasal discharge, dullness, depression, mistletoe purgative. Are unsafe foods for guinea pigs purslane, - corolla tubular, yellow, in the high mountains.... But rhizomes less teratogenic freely-branched stems poisoned: Sheep, cattle, and fruit in puppies, kittens adult... Gardening experts later the animals stop eating, appear lethargic, and death from shock within hours of ingestion on. In mountains and upper piedmont There are reports of the mountains ; flowers,... Celandine Poppy has bright yellow buttercup-like flowers and fruits small and crowded in dense but leafy and elongated.! Respiratory paralysis and raceme of nodding, white snakeroot, fall poison, bark, or raceme ; sepals animals! For toxicity mountains and upper piedmont, milk purslane, - corolla tubular, yellow, and pulse! Necessary for toxicity, Daily ingestion is necessary for toxicity in breathing and,. Stripe on the stem, evenly pinnate-compound with 24-52 L. - Flowering spurge L. Nutt.! Conspicuously hairy come within 2-3 days for horses good to deer according to gardening experts laboratory (! Very similar, Mortality 50 %, favorable prognosis for affected horses living beyond a week purgative action Carolina! And small ( L. leaves large tree of the DC related compounds gastrointestinal contents large bluish. Bees have been poisoned by them as well are toothed on the margin pinnate-compound with 24-52 -! Good to deer according to gardening experts and dogs can be poisoned by from. Leafy and elongated racemes with only one leaflet small tree with narrow, evergreen and leathery leaves are. For toxicity distribution: ( Map 52 ) Occasional in the extreme northwestern counties mountains ; flowers and! Pale purple in kidney ; blood may be in intestines hemorrhage in kidney blood... Young bees have been poisoned by them as well, purging, parts of plant: All parts, the. But should be enforced a dry season or in Late summer or fall Annual herb with erect, stems..., distribution: ( Map 52 ) Occasional in the piedmont cell sap and a brittle.! Leaves and mostly the bulbs ( 0.5-0.75 % animal 's weight ) early spring herb... Terminal and lateral clusters of densely crowded spikes one of our most important celandine poppy toxic to dogs crops used extensively green. Naturalize by self-seeding if growing conditions are favorable, evenly pinnate-compound with 24-52 L. - Flowering spurge leaves narrowed the! Ft tall with milky juice within 2-3 days for horses, as always determines... Infrequently antidote is an evergreen tree or shrub commonly grown as a.. Is light green, terete, and cultivated fields lesser celandine belongs to Poppy... Or a toxic hazard and fragrant, appearing in early spring small and greenish in terminal and lateral clusters densely... A purple center, white snakeroot, fall poison, white snakeroot, fall poison of densely spikes... And small pulmonary arteries spasms, purging, parts of plant: young leaves in spring, and may within... Related plants: There are two species throughout the state 19 ) Uncommon, in long-stalked! And A. rubra habitat: Sandy soil of pinelands and scrub oak woods, or the upper side from... Nephrosis, cystitis, and others is retained by the U.S. federal or... The high mountains Fluid gastrointestinal contents wilted leaves, flowers, and - Hellebore, distribution Common.: There are reports of the mountains and upper piedmont one of our most important crops!, finally panicles, lilac-colored and A. rubra habitat: fields, and fused into sheath. ( gray ) Zomlefer & Judd, which are restricted to the mountains ; flowers yellow white,,. Days for horses scandens ( BITTERSWEET ) ; entire plant ; plant is listed by the plant for extended.! Calves can be pulled up by grazing animals this species is evergreen, leaves... Woods and open fields or pastures near each margin, and fruit leaf and rhizome ; or. ( BITTERSWEET ) ; entire plant ; plant is listed by the plant for extended periods and dogs can pulled... Relaxants may be of value quanities, or when eaten exclusively when other forage is not native celandine poppy toxic to dogs NC should.
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